Sailing the Canary Islands
The Canary Islands, a Spanish archipelago off the northwestern coast of Africa, represent one of the world’s most captivating sailing destinations. With their year-round mild climate, steady trade winds, and diverse landscapes, these volcanic islands offer sailors an unparalleled maritime experience combining natural beauty, rich culture, and excellent nautical infrastructure.
Discovering the Canary Islands
The Canary Islands comprise seven main islands: Tenerife, Gran Canaria, Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, La Palma, La Gomera, and El Hierro. Each island possesses its unique character, from the lunar landscapes of Lanzarote to the lush forests of La Gomera, providing sailors with an extraordinary variety of experiences within a relatively compact sailing area.
The archipelago’s strategic location has made it a crucial stopover point for centuries of maritime travel, particularly for vessels crossing the Atlantic. Today, this historical significance combines with modern marina facilities, making the Canaries an ideal base for both short-term cruising and long-distance sailing preparations.
Essential Navigation Tips for Canary Island Waters
Navigation in Canary Island waters requires careful attention to local conditions, particularly the acceleration zones between islands where wind speeds can double or triple. These acceleration zones, known locally as ‘wind corridors’, are most pronounced between the islands of Tenerife and La Gomera, and between Lanzarote and Fuerteventura.
Sailors should also be mindful of the strong currents that can develop around the islands’ headlands and the occasional presence of volcanic debris in certain areas. Modern electronic charts are generally reliable, but it’s essential to maintain visual awareness, particularly when approaching lesser-known anchorages or during periods of reduced visibility.
Best Sailing Routes Between the Seven Main Islands
The most popular sailing route typically begins in Gran Canaria or Tenerife, following a counter-clockwise circuit through the western islands. This route allows sailors to take advantage of prevailing winds whilst exploring La Gomera, La Palma, and El Hierro before returning eastward to the more developed islands.
For those interested in the eastern group, a common route connects Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, and Gran Canaria. This eastern circuit offers excellent opportunities for coastal sailing and exploring the numerous beaches and small ports that dot these islands’ coastlines.
Weather Patterns and Prime Sailing Seasons Explained
The Canary Islands benefit from the Northeast Trade Winds, which provide reliable sailing conditions throughout most of the year. The prime sailing season runs from May to September, when winds are most stable and rainfall is minimal. During this period, wind speeds typically range from 15 to 25 knots, creating ideal conditions for both casual cruising and more challenging sailing.
Winter months, from November to April, can bring occasional storms and stronger winds, particularly in the northern parts of the archipelago. However, the islands’ southern coasts remain relatively sheltered, offering year-round sailing possibilities for experienced crews.
Top Marinas and Anchorages in the Archipelago
Puerto Calero in Lanzarote and Puerto de Mogán in Gran Canaria stand out as two of the archipelago’s premier marina facilities, offering comprehensive services and excellent shelter. These facilities provide modern amenities, including technical support, provisioning services, and convenient access to local attractions.
Notable anchorages include the protected bay of Valle Gran Rey in La Gomera and the dramatic setting of La Restinga in El Hierro. When selecting anchorages, sailors should consider the prevailing wind direction and swell conditions, as some locations may become untenable during certain weather patterns.
Local Maritime Regulations and Safety Guidelines
All vessels sailing in Canary Island waters must comply with Spanish maritime regulations and carry appropriate safety equipment. Boats over 14 metres must register with local authorities when entering or leaving ports, and all vessels should maintain radio watch on VHF Channel 16.
Environmental regulations are strictly enforced throughout the archipelago, with special attention paid to marine protected areas and whale watching zones. Sailors must obtain permits for certain activities and should familiarise themselves with local restrictions regarding anchoring, fishing, and waste disposal.
The Canary Islands represent a sailing paradise that combines excellent conditions, modern facilities, and breathtaking natural beauty. Whether you’re planning a short island-hopping adventure or preparing for a trans-Atlantic crossing, the archipelago offers everything needed for a memorable sailing experience. With proper planning and respect for local regulations, sailors can fully enjoy this remarkable destination whilst ensuring its preservation for future generations.
