Sailing in Palau

Your Complete Guide to Sailing in Palau

Nestled in the west of the South Pacific Ocean, the Republic of Palau (Belau) is an archipelagic nation of over 340 islands stretching some 800 kilometres from north to south. Its main cluster of islands lies within a protective barrier reef, forming the Palau Lagoon, while the famous Rock Islands—a UNESCO World Heritage site—sit at its southern fringes. Beyond this central cluster are outer islands such as Babeldaob (the largest island), Peleliu, Angaur and Kayangel, and even more remote atolls like Helen Reef.

For sailors, Palau represents a rare combination of pristine waters, spectacular coral reefs, diverse marine life and a welcoming local culture. Unlike more frequented cruising grounds, the archipelago remains relatively under-visited by yachts, ensuring anchorages in clear lagoons and among lush jungle islands. Yet, facilities for provisioning, clearance and support do exist—primarily in Koror and Malakal Harbour—making Palau a compelling destination for both new and experienced circumnavigators.

Why Sail Palau?

Palau’s allure for sailors stems from five principal attractions:

1. Incredible Marine Biodiversity
   • Home to over 1,300 fish species and 700 coral species, Palau’s lagoons and outer reefs are unmatched for snorkelling and diving.
2. Protected Anchorages
   • Sheltered by barrier reefs, many lagoons offer calm anchorages year-round, with minimal ocean swell inside the reef (particularly within Palau Lagoon).
3. Cultural Richness
   • Traditional fishing canoes (kaep and wa) still ply lagoon waters; local chiefs maintain customary practices; villages invite respectful visitors to share in feasts and handicrafts.
4. Historical Significance
   • WWII relics dot Peleliu and Koror; Palau’s strategic role during the Pacific campaign is tangible ashore and underwater.
5. Accessibility from Asia and the Americas
   • Flights connect Palau to Guam, Manila and Taipei, making it a reachable waypoint for Pacific crossings in both directions.

For many cruisers, Palau is the ideal first stop when entering Micronesia from either Asia or the broader Pacific. Its combination of natural splendour, limited crowds and relative logistical support renders it a “must-see” anchor before venturing farther into Micronesia (e.g., Yap, Chuuk and the Marshall Islands) or into the South Pacific.

Geographic Context

Palau’s islands fall into three broad zones:

• Palau Lagoon (central cluster): Koror, Malakal, Babeldaob’s southern coast, and the Rock Islands.
• Southern Outer Islands: Peliliu, Angaur, Kayangel.
• Northern Atolls: Sonsorol, Pulo Anna, Helen Reef (remote, rarely visited).

The main navigational focus is within the barrier reef that encircles Koror and Malakal, entry gained via Malakal Harbour. South of this reef lies the expansive Rock Islands area—a labyrinth of limestone pinnacles, hidden coves and over-hang caves. Beyond, open ocean passages lead to Peleliu (known for Peleliu Pass and WWII history), and then northwards toward Kayangel atoll. Although distant atolls like Helen Reef offer alluring isolation, they require thorough preparation, reliable weather information and an extended cruising timeframe.

Main Sailing Areas and Routes

Navigating Palau can be segmented into three key cruising zones: Palau Lagoon, Rock Islands, and the Outer Archipelago. Each presents distinct sailing experiences.

Palau Lagoon (Koror and Malakal Harbour)

Malakal Harbour

Malakal Harbour, just east of Koror, is Palau’s principal Port of Entry and the focal point for most visiting yachts. Sheltered by reef on three sides, the deep, calm waters offer anchorage or mooring options for vessels of moderate draft. Entrance is marked by well-maintained buoys and lighted beacons; navigation is straightforward in clear daylight—depths exceed 15 metres in the fairway, but charts should be used cautiously.

Berthing

• Moorings: A handful of mooring buoys are maintained by Palau Marine Enterprise and Sam’s Tours near the Royal Belau Yacht Club (RBYC) in the southeast quadrant of Malakal.
• Anchoring: When moorings are unavailable, anchoring in 10–15 metres of sand/mud is common. Avoid swinging near coral bommies.

Koror

Just a short dinghy ride from Malakal, Koror is Palau’s largest town and economic hub. With a population of around 11,000, it offers:

• Provisions: Several supermarkets (e.g., Palau National Store), bakeries, fresh fruit and vegetable stands.
• Fuel and Water: Diesel and petrol are available at the Sam’s Dock fuel station in Koror; fresh water can be bought by the jerry can or via tank trucks.
• Services: Internet cafés, local mobile coverage (Palau National Communications Corp), dive shops, mechanic workshops and boatyards.

Yachts typically use Koror as a staging area—clearing in or out, refuelling, and provisioning—before heading into more remote cruising areas.

Rock Islands and Rock Island Lagoon

Southwest of Koror, the Rock Islands number over 200 verdant limestone pinnacles rising from the turquoise lagoon. This UNESCO site provides some of the most iconic sailing scenes in the Pacific. The islands form three semi-enclosed lagoons:

• Southern Reef Lagoon (immediately south of Koror)
• Central Rock Islands Lagoon (home to Jellyfish Lake and Ngemelis Islands)
• Northern Rock Islands Lagoon (leading up to Kayangel)

Sailing here involves weaving among narrow passages, each requiring good light and careful seamanship. Anchorages are found in sheltered bays or sandbanks at depths of 5–12 metres. Many coves allow swinging on a single anchor, with excellent holding in sand. Popular stopping points include:

• Milky Way Bay (silica-silted shallows)
• Canoe Channel (narrow pass ideal for small boats)
• Siaes Tunnel (scenic waterway under a canopy of trees)
• Jellyfish Lake (requires separate permit; accessible by dinghy)

Most anchorages here are unserviced: no moorings, no restaurants ashore—just serene white-sand beaches fringed by reef and a chance to snorkel among overhanging limestone walls.

Southern and Northern Outer Islands

Babeldaob’s Southern Coast

Leaving Malakal, a short sail northwesterly along Babeldaob’s coast takes you to lesser-visited anchorages such as Ngaraard Harbour, with depths reaching 8 metres and a narrow pass protected by reef. Villages here welcome respectful visitors, offering glimpses of Palauan customs, produce stands and occasional homemade kava.

Peleliu and Angaur

South of Koror by some 40 nautical miles, Peleliu is known for its WWII battlefields, sunken warships at Peleliu Pass and cenotes (marine lakes). Peleliu Pass is a deep, narrow cut through the outer reef—suitable for medium-draft vessels and offering world-class dive sites. Anchorages in emptier coves require careful navigation (reef markers are limited) but reward sailors with near-total solitude. A small dock at Kloulklubed village can handle dinghies.

Angaur, even smaller and less frequented, lies just south of Peleliu. Its lagoon has a few anchorage spots, but facilities are virtually nil—ideal for the sailor seeking remote cruising.

Kayangel Atoll (Northernmost)

About 60 nautical miles north of Koror, Kayangel is an atoll with a sheltered inner lagoon, a single pass on its eastern side, and a minute population of around 35. Its shallow lagoon (3–5 metres) is filled with vibrant coral patches. Anchorage is typically behind the pass in depths of 7–9 metres of sand, protected from prevailing winds. Kayangel is the place for isolation, starfish-lined beaches and virtually uninterrupted peace.

Helen Reef

Farther south—approximately 340 nautical miles from Koror—is Helen Reef National Park, a ring-shaped atoll with a central lagoon 10 miles long. Only a handful of ranger-staffed islands exist, and one safe pass allows entry. Anchorage in 12–15 metres of sand awaits. Visits here must be planned well ahead—no port-of-entry or fuel is available. Helen Reef is strictly a nature-focused side trip for well-prepared voyagers.

Climate and Best Time to Sail

Palau possesses a tropical maritime climate characterised by warm temperatures year-round, high humidity and frequent rainfall.

• Average Temperatures
  • Air: 27 °C–31 °C (80 °F–88 °F) daily, with minimal seasonal variation.
  • Water: 28 °C–30 °C (82 °F–86 °F), ideal for swimming and diving.

Wet Season (May to November)

The wet season runs from May through November, overlapping with the Western Pacific’s broader typhoon corridor. Although direct hits by typhoons are rare due to Palau’s southerly latitude (7° N), tropical storms and heavy squalls can occur, especially between July and October. Expect:

• Daily Showers: Often short-lived but intense; clearing by late afternoon.
• Higher Humidity: Approaching 90% at times.
• Variable Winds: The northeast monsoon weakens, and occasional westerly winds appear when squalls pass or when the ITCZ (Intertropical Convergence Zone) drifts near.
• Warm Sea Temperatures: Peak sea temperatures are felt in these months, benefiting coral growth but raising the risk of algal blooms.

Given the rain and occasional unsettled weather, the wet season is considered shoulder cruising time; lagoons remain navigable, but provision for rain and potential thunderstorm delays is necessary.

Dry Season (December to April)

December through April is the dry season, powered by the Northeast Monsoon. During these months:

• Lower Rainfall: Occasional short showers still occur, but generally days are sunny.
• Steady Trade Winds: Predominantly E to NE at 10–20 knots, ideal for sailing.
• Calmer Seas: Outside swell is moderate, but inside the barrier reef lagoons are glassy calm.
• Peak Visitor Numbers: Corresponding to better weather, Palau sees the highest yacht arrivals during the dry season—anchorages and dive sites can be busier (albeit still far less crowded than Caribbean or Mediterranean hotspots).

For most sailors, December through March is the peak cruising window: gentle trade winds, minimal rain, and generally benign sea conditions. April, though still dry, can see the first signs of increased humidity and occasional squalls.

Winds and Weather Patterns

Understanding the wind patterns in Palau is crucial to safe and pleasant cruising. Palau lies just south of the equator, at latitudes 7° N–8° N, within the zone where no sustained cyclones typically form, but subject to monsoon influences and tropical waves.

Trade Winds and Monsoonal Flow

• Dry Season (Dec–Apr):
  • Dominated by the Northeast Trade Winds (NE at 10–20 knots).
  • Directions range from ENE to E.
  • These winds funnel through the open ocean, but the barrier reef shields the lagoon’s interior.
  • In open waters, a consistent 2–3 metre easterly swell may persist.
  • Sailors can expect reliable downwind or broad-reach passages from Malakal to the Rock Islands or westward to Peleliu.
• Wet Season (May–Nov):
  • NE trades weaken, and southerly or equatorial breezes may take over briefly when tropical disturban­ces pass to the north.
  • The ITCZ often drifts near Palau, leading to heavy convective activity (thunderstorms, squalls).
  • When the ITCZ sits overhead, winds can be light and variable, requiring motoring or slow sailing.
  • Short-lived gust fronts accompany squalls, with sudden wind spikes of 25–30 knots.

Throughout the year, sailors should consult regional weather bulletins (e.g., from NOAA’s Guam station) and local forecasts via VHF or satellite. The Rock Island Cruiser Net (via Sam’s Tours on VHF 16/68) often relays daily updates on cloud buildups and squall lines.

Squalls and Localised Gusts

During the wetter months, squalls—narrow bands of thunderstorms—can traverse the lagoon or reef edge. Characteristics include:

• Wind Gusts: 25–35 knots, lasting 10–30 minutes.
• Heavy Rain: Sudden downpours that can reduce visibility to near zero.
• Thunder and Lightning: Risky for small vessels on deck; advisable to stow gear and secure lines when storm clouds gather.

Sheltering Strategy: If a squall is forecast or observed approaching:

1. Reduce Sail Early: Furl headsails and reef mainsail to prevent sudden overpowering.
2. Check Anchor: Ensure adequate scope (6:1 or more) if at anchor; move to deeper, sand-bottomed water away from coral.
3. Close Hatches: Prevent water ingress during wind and rain gusts.
4. Monitor Radar/Barometer: If available, track barometric drops and radar echoes.

The sheltered lagoons can often provide a calm refuge, but if a vigorous squall crosses the barrier reef into an inlet, choppy conditions can ensue inside. Having a secure berth plan—knowing which bay or cove offers the best protection for each wind direction—is key to comfort and safety.

Harbours, Anchorages and Mooring Options

Palau offers a variety of anchoring and mooring opportunities, from the developed basin of Malakal to secluded coves in the Rock Islands and natural lagoons on outer islands. While a marina environment is limited, the abundance of sheltered anchorages compensates with privacy and scenery.

Major Harbours and Marinas

Note: “Type” refers to whether the location is a formal port, a natural anchorage, or a simple lagoon anchorage; always verify local notices as charted conditions can change.

Malakal Harbour

• Port of Entry: All yachts must clear in here. Procedures are detailed under “Entry Formalities” (see later).
• Moorings: Approximately 10 moorings exist, serving visiting yachts. Each mooring costs around US $20–$50 per night (subject to change).
• Anchoring: Outside the mooring field, anchoring in sandy bottoms is common; use 10–15 metres depth and avoid coral bommies.
• Services Nearby: Numerous dive shops, chandler’s store (limited), marine engineers, taxi services, and restaurants.

Koror Anchorage

• Located on the western side of Malakal, this anchorage offers deep water (12–15 metres) with good holding. It lies closer to Koror town, facilitating easy walks to supermarkets and restaurants. A dinghy dock in Koror provides easy access ashore.

Rock Islands Anchorages

Navigating among the Rock Islands requires good light to see submerged bommies. Most anchorages are sand patches in 5–12 metres of water, sheltered from easterly winds by the outer reef. Some favoured spots include:

• Milky Way Bay: Distinct due to its white silicate-rich sediment bottom; water takes on a milky hue. Ideal for a day stop and beach picnic.
• Siaes Tunnel & Ngermechau: Quaint passageways where dinghies can glide under overhanging rocks; anchorage in adjacent lagoons.
• Long Beach (Ulong Island): Protected from most winds, shallow anchorage (8 m) with direct beach access and a small local guide service.

Moorings: Few formal moorings exist; most sailors set their own anchor. In season (Dec–Apr), popular bays can host several yachts concurrently, but even at peak times the density is modest compared to major cruising grounds.

Outer Island Anchorages

Babeldaob Coast

Anchorages along Babeldaob’s south coast (e.g., Ngaraard Harbour, Melekeok) provide access to village markets and freshwater streams. Expect depths of 6–10 metres on sand, with good protection from NE winds by reef.

Peleliu and Angaur

• Peleliu: Anchor behind Peleliu Pass in 10–15 metres on sand. The pass itself is narrow and can have current, so enter on slack water.
• Angaur: Shallow sand anchorage (6–8 m) just inside the western reef; minimal protection from strong southerlies, but calm most of the year. No facilities, beyond a local dive shop that can supply ice or soft drinks occasionally.

Kayangel Atoll

A solitary mooring buoy marks the safe anchorage. Otherwise, anchor on sandy bottom in 8–9 metres. The lagoon is largely unpopulated, so visitors are virtually alone. Freshwater is extremely limited; bring all you need.

Helen Reef

A single small island hosts a ranger post. Anchor inside the reef at 12–15 metres; approach via the only pass (mid-western side). No amenities—bring full supplies and plan for no communications except VHF to the rangers.

Chartering in Palau

Palau’s charter industry is modest compared to mainstream sailing destinations, but options do exist—mostly skippered and crewed charters, plus a very limited bareboat scene.

Types of Charters

1. Skippered Charter
   • Most common: A yacht with a local or professional skipper.
   • Advantages: No local knowledge required; skipper handles clearances, navigation, and cultural formalities.
   • Availability: Offered by a handful of operators (e.g., Sam’s Tours, Palau Yacht Charters) who maintain monohulls or catamarans in Malakal.
   • Typical routes: 7–10 day sails covering Palau Lagoon, Rock Islands, and, if desired, Peleliu or Kayangel.
2. Crewed Charter (All-Inclusive)
   • Luxury option: Larger catamarans or motor-sailers come with a full crew (captain, chef, deckhand).
   • Cost: Significantly higher, often US $3500–$6000 per week, plus provisioning.
   • Experience: Meals, dive guides, and onshore excursions included. Ideal for luxury travellers who want to explore Rock Islands in comfort.
3. Bareboat Charter
   • Very limited: Few operators offer true bareboat charters. Where available, yachts are well-equipped but expect minimal support.
   • Prerequisites: Extensive experience in reef sailing, Papuan waters, and tropical meteorology.
   • Documentation: ICC (International Certificate of Competence) or equivalent RYA/ASA qualification, plus a logbook demonstrating 5,000 NM and experience in reef-bewildered seas.
4. Cabin or Day-Cruise Options
   • Day trips: Many dive centres in Koror offer day sails into the Rock Islands with snorkelling stops (e.g., Jellyfish Lake, Blue Holes).
   • Expedition-Style: Live-aboard dive boats operate multi-day itineraries (4–7 nights), focusing on rock island diving and remote atolls like Peleliu.

Tip: Given Palau’s limited charter fleet, book at least 4–6 months in advance, especially for peak season (January–March).

Certifications and Experience Required

• For Skippered/Crews as Guests
  • No formal sailing license is needed if you’re not at the helm.
  • Swim ability and snorkelling proficiency often required; dive certification needed if diving is included.
  • Medical clearance may be requested for deep dives or remote atoll visits.
• For Bareboat Skippers
  • International Certificate of Competence (ICC) or equivalent RYA Day Skipper/ASA 101 with tropical passage experience.
  • Yachtmaster Offshore (RYA)/ASA 104 recommended.
  • Logbook: Documenting at least 5,000 NM, including passages through coral atolls.
  • Insurance: Comprehensive hull and third-party liability insurance, naming Palau authorities as additional insured.
  • Local knowledge: Familiarity with Palau’s chart anomalies, currents in passes and reef-avoidance techniques.

Palau’s authorities do not issue local skipper licenses, but they do require that the named skipper have recognized international credentials. If uncertain, most operators insist on adding a local co-skipper until the yacht owner/skipper demonstrates sufficient Palau voyage competency.

Navigation Tips and Potential Hazards

Sailing Palau demands vigilant seamanship. Charts outside the main harbour are often approximate, and submerged bommies (coral heads) lurk in crystal clear but deceptively shallow waters. Employing a combination of electronic charts, satellite imagery and—most critically—visual lookout is essential.

Chart Accuracy and Reef Passages

• Charts:
  • NOAA chart 81017 (Palau) and Admiralty charts are the primary references; though reliable in Malakal and major channels, remote anchorages may be charted at only 50–100 metre accuracy.
  • Satellite overlays (e.g., Google Earth) loaded into navigation apps can provide a clearer real-time image of reef edges than older charts.
• Key Passages:
  1. Malakal Harbour Entrance:
     • Well-marked with lateral buoys (red to starboard entering, green to port). Depths exceed 12 metres.
     • Recommended to enter on slack tide to minimise current.
  2. Peleliu Pass:
     • Narrow (~150 metres wide), with depths to 20 metres.
     • Strong flood/ebb currents of 4–6 knots can occur at spring tides. Enter and exit around slack tide only.
  3. Kayangel Pass:
     • Shallow (6–8 metres) with fringing reef; entry at high tide recommended.
     • A GPS-defined waypoint exists, but position may be off by 0.02° due to chart inaccuracies; visual line-up and depth sounder required.
  4. Helen Reef Pass:
     • Single pass approximately 50 metres wide into the lagoon; unlit and unbuoyed. Enter only during daylight with calm seas. In strong winds, surge can push water over the reef crest.

Advice: Always approach a reef pass slowly (2–3 knots), with crew posted on the bow scanning for shallow coral heads. Ideally, enter in mid-morning when the sun is high and behind you, illuminating the reef structures.

Coral Reefs and Depth Variation

• Bommies (isolated coral heads) often rise to within 1–2 metres of the surface, particularly in the Rock Islands region. Depths can change abruptly from 20 metres to 1 metre over a few boat lengths.
• Use an Anchor Light At Night: Anchoring in any lagoon at dusk commits you to maintaining position until morning; underwater obstacles are invisible once the sun sets.
• Anchor Technique: Deploy 6:1 scope in sand; use a kellet or chain-float to keep the chain from abrading coral if the boat swings. Consider two-anchor “V” arrangements in narrow coves to limit swing.

Even in crystal waters, submerged bommies sometimes avoid visual detection—always proceed with maximum caution.

Night Sailing and Light Absence

• Lack of Shore Lights: Outside of Koror/Malakal, few islands are illuminated at night. The absence of visible reference points makes dark-water navigation hazardous.
• Avoid Uncharted Islands After Sunset: If possible, reach a planned anchorage well before dusk. Failing that, consider heaving-to in deep water away from reefs or snugging down in a well-chart­ed, protected bay with adequate depth.

Use handheld GPS and chartplotter backlighting sparingly to preserve night vision. Ensure deck lighting is red-filtered if available.

Harbours, Anchorages and Mooring Options

Though marinas are virtually nonexistent, Palau compensates with a wealth of anchoring opportunities. From secure deep-water moorings in Malakal to secluded bays among the Rock Islands, sailors appreciate the variety.

Table of Key Harbours and Anchorages

Tip: Depths and conditions can shift seasonally—always allow extra time for a reconnaissance approach at 2–3 knots, with crew visually scanning for abnormalities.

Chartering in Palau

Charter opportunities in Palau have grown modestly in recent years, driven by increased eco-tourism interest and demand for unique diving experiences. Whether you seek a skippered yacht to explore the Rock Islands or a crewed luxury catamaran, Palau offers several options, albeit in limited quantity.

Types of Charters Available

Skippered Yacht Charter

• Typical Fleet: Monohulls (35–45 ft) and catamarans (40–50 ft) based in Malakal.
• Crew: A licensed skipper (often local) and occasionally a deckhand.
• Duration: Minimum 3–4 days; 7–10 days typical.
• Itineraries:
  • Palau Lagoon & Rock Islands (5–7 days) focusing on snorkelling, cave lagoons and scenic anchorages.
  • Extended Archipelago Cruise (10–14 days) encompassing Peleliu, Kayangel, and possibly a remote push to Helen Reef.
• Cost Estimate: US $2500–$4000 per week (yacht plus skipper), plus provisioning and national park fees.

Crewed Charter (Luxury)

• Platforms: Catamarans with 4–6 cabins, full galley, generator, dive compressor, and watermaker.
• Crew: Captain, chef, dive guide/mate.
• Inclusions: All meals, dive excursions (often up to 3 dives per day), onboard entertainment (kayaks, paddleboards), and shore tours.
• Cost Estimate: US $4000–$7000 per week, depending on yacht size, season and number of guests (typically max 8–10).

Bareboat Charter

• Availability: Very limited; only a few vessels exist for bareboat hire, often older monohulls.
• Prerequisites:
  1. ICC or recognized RYA/ASA qualification.
  2. Logbook: Evidence of past cruising in reef-ridden waters.
  3. Experience: Demonstrable ability to navigate atoll passes, anchor in tidal lagoons and maintain a tropical cruising vessel.
• Cost: Similar to skippered charters, but add skipper cost if you furnish your own.

Cabin Charter and Cruise-Addon Options

• Day Trips: Over-day charters (US $100–$200 per person) for snorkelling around the Rock Islands.
• Liveaboard Dive Cruises: 4–7 night itineraries on small dive vessels (US $2500–$4000 per person), concentrating on Peleliu and Ngemelis archipelago.

Recommendation: If you lack extensive Pacific sailing experience, opt for a skippered charter. Palau’s atolls and reef systems require precise navigation and local knowledge, which an experienced skipper provides.

Certification and Experience Requirements

• Passengers (non-sailing)
  • No sailing qualifications necessary.
  • Swim/ snorkel proficiency recommended, especially if snorkelling and swimming from the yacht.
  • Dive Certification (PADI Open Water or equivalent) required for scuba dives.
• Bareboat Skippers
  1. International Certificate of Competence (ICC) or RYA/ASA equivalent.
  2. Yachtmaster Offshore (RYA) or ASA 104 recommended for insurance acceptance.
  3. Logbook: Minimum 5,000 NM total, including handling a vessel in tight reef passages.
  4. Passage Planning: Demonstrated skill planning an overnight passage (e.g., Koror to Kayangel or Peleliu).
  5. Insurance: Vessel certificates must reflect Palau cruising; skipper named as qualified under policy.
• Skippered Charters
  • Skippers must hold local endorsement or equivalent recognized license.
  • Dive guides must be certified to Palau national park standards to guide visits to jellyfish lakes and marine reserves.

Navigation Tips and Potential Hazards

While Palau’s scenery is breathtaking, its coral-blanketed waters pose significant navigational challenges. Charts can be outdated, and even satellite images do not always reveal shallow bommies. Seamanship—particularly slow, observant passage through any reef opening—is paramount.

Visual Navigation and Chart Validation

• Satellite Imagery: Prior to departure, load high-resolution satellite charts (e.g., from Google Earth) into your chartplotter. These often show reef edges more accurately than older marine charts.
• Visual Markers: Look for subtle colour shifts in the water:
  • Turquoise patches often indicate shallow bommies (< 2 m).
  • Dark blue lanes signal deeper channels.
• Use of Depth Sounder: Always monitor depth, especially when approaching a pass. Trust the depth gauge over charted numbers if there’s a discrepancy.

Passing Through Reef Entrances

1. Plan for High Tide/Slack Water
   • Many passes have tidally driven currents (up to 5 knots in Peleliu Pass). Aim to transit within ± 30 minutes of slack.
2. Maintain Slow Speed (2–3 knots)
   • This allows time to react if a bommie appears suddenly.
3. Bow Lookout
   • A crew member stationed forward scans for patch reefs, especially when light is good.
4. Daylight Arrival
   • Enter and exit passes only by day. At night, run offshore or heave-to in deep water until dawn.

Coral Heads (Bommies) and Bommy Fields

• In-Lagoon Transit: Even once inside a lagoon, coral heads can be just below the surface. Sail only with good overhead sunlight, and proceed on a known track if possible.
• Anchor Drag: Coral bommies pose a risk of fouling the chain. Clip a fender or inflatable chain buoy to the chain’s mid-length to keep it off the bottom.
• Charted But Changed: Sediment and coral growth can alter bommie locations; never assume charts are current.

Night Sailing and Lack of Light

• Palau’s islands are mostly unlit. Headlamp glare can obscure faint bioluminescence or shallow water colour. Avoid navigating near reefs after dusk.
• If passage must occur at night, consider:
  • Heaving-to well offshore (minimum 2 NM from any reef).
  • Standing by until morning rather than risking unknown shoals.

Monsoon and Squall-Related Winds

• Squalls can develop quickly during the wet season; expect abrupt wind shifts from east to south or west.
• Secure loose items on deck; reef sails early when bars gather on the horizon.
• In squally conditions, seek the lee of a limestone pinnacle in the Rock Islands or anchor inside a deep bay on Babeldaob’s lee side.

Culture, Customs and Sustainability Considerations

Palau’s people maintain a deep connection to the ocean, with traditions and customs that reflect centuries of seafaring and resource stewardship. As a visiting sailor, showing respect for local culture and practising responsible tourism is essential.

Local Culture and Etiquette

• Welcome Practices
  • On first arrival in a village, seek out the clan chief or mayor to introduce yourself and request permission to anchor or visit.
  • Exchange small gifts: offered items may include fishing hooks, batteries, school supplies, or local craft items.
• Dress Code
  • Villages and towns prefer modest attire: shoulders and knees covered for women and men when ashore. Swimwear is fine on deserted beaches or your yacht.
• Language
  • Palauan is widely spoken; a few phrases (e.g., “Alii” for hello, “Komkmeyous” for thank you) go a long way. English is also an official language.
• Religious Observance
  • Sunday is largely reserved for church—avoid loud music or heavy engine use near villages on that day.
• Photographing People
  • Always ask permission before taking portraits; some may be shy or hold cultural reservations.

Marine Conservation and Protected Areas

• Rock Island Marine Sanctuary
  • Many bays and passages within the Rock Islands require special permits (US $50 per person for a 10-day Rock Islands permit; additional US $75 for Jellyfish Lake access).
  • Removing shells, coral or other natural artefacts is strictly forbidden.
• No-Take Zones
  • Certain areas, such as parts of the Rock Islands and Peleliu Pass, are designated no-catch zones. Fishing or spear-fishing in these areas can incur fines.
• Jellyfish Lake
  • Access by permit only; clim­ate-controlled environment for non-stinging jellyfish—no sunscreen or oils allowed in the water.
• Waste Management
  • Never discard plastic or non-biodegradable waste in the water.
  • Strictly use holding tanks for sewage; pump-outs are available in Malakal.
  • Carry all rubbish ashore to Koror or Malakal for proper disposal.

Palau has made great strides in marine conservation: it was among the first nations to establish a shark sanctuary in its entire EEZ. Supporting these efforts by adhering to rules, paying necessary fees, and respecting no-go zones ensures Palau’s ecosystems remain healthy for future generations of sailors and locals alike.

Practical Information for Sailing Palau

Preparing thoroughly for a Palau cruise—securing necessary permits, provisioning adequately and understanding communications—sets the foundation for a stress-free voyage.

Provisioning and Supplies

• Supermarkets in Koror
  • Palau National Store (largest, diverse selection of imported goods, US-style packaging).
  • Mini-mart near Sam’s Tours (basic groceries, beer, ice).
  • Choichu’s (fresh produce vendor behind Palasia Hotel).
• Fresh Produce
  • Fruits (bananas, papayas, coconuts) and vegetables (sweet potato, taro, pumpkin) available daily at local outdoor markets near Koror. Selection can fluctuate based on weather and local yields.
• Bakeries and Butchers
  • Several small bakeries in Koror sell freshly baked loaves; no dedicated butcher shops, but the supermarket meat section stocks chilled meats.
• Outer Islands
  • Expect only minimal village shops (rice, canned goods, soda). In Peleliu or Kayangel, local villagers may sell fish or coconuts, but do not rely upon them. Stock up fully in Koror before venturing.

Fuel and Water

• Diesel (2-stroke & 4-stroke)
  • Available at Sam’s Dock Fuel Station in Koror (Malakal side) at current Palau government rates (~US $1.30–$1.50 per litre). Payment in USD cash or credit card (subject to a small surcharge).
  • No fuel beyond Koror; carry extra jerry cans for open passages or extended cruising.
• Water
  • Municipal RO Water: Purchase jerry cans (up to 30 US gallons) at RBYC or local distributors (approx. US $0.10 per litre).
  • Rainwater Harvesting: Install deck-plumbed diverter to fill tanks during squalls.
  • Local Streams: On outer islands, minor streams may exist but water quality is unpredictable—better to rely on purchased RO water.

Communications and Connectivity

• Mobile Coverage
  • Palau National Communications Corp (PNCC) and PCC Wireless offer 3G/4G coverage in Koror, Malakal, Babeldaob coastal regions, Peleliu’s Kodortscher Pass area.
  • No coverage on most Rock Islands, Angaur or Kayangel.
• Internet Access
  • Wifi hotspots available at cafes (e.g., Beyond 5, Café del Mundo) and some hotels. Speeds are modest (2–5 Mbps).
  • Satellite communications (e.g., Iridium, Inmarsat Spot) recommended for reliable weather updates when cruising beyond Palau Lagoon.
• VHF Radio
  • VHF Channel 16 for Port Control.
  • VHF Channel 68 often used by RBYC and Sam’s Tours for the daily Rock Island Cruiser Net (0800 local), sharing weather observations, anchorage reports and local updates.
• HF/SSB
  • Some larger yachts use HF for longer-range nets (e.g., Pacific Seafarers Net), but most cruising within Palau rely on VHF.

Entry Formalities and Permits

Port of Entry (Malakal Harbour)

1. Notification of Arrival
   • Email the Bureau of Marine Transportation at PLWarrivalnotice@gmail.com with vessel name, flag, last ten ports of call and ETA 72 hours prior.
   • Follow up 24 hours and 12 hours before arrival.
2. Application to Enter
   • Submit the “Application for Non-Scheduled Vessel to Enter Republic of Palau” no less than 48 hours before ETA.
   • Pay entry permit fees:
     • Vessel Permit: US $155 (valid 30 days, extendable)
     • Port Charges: US $0.10 per foot LOA (minimum US $5)
     • Quarantine Fee: US $30
3. Customs/Immigration/Quarantine
   • On arrival, call Palau Port Control on VHF 16. They will advise anchorage or mooring assignment.
   • Proceed ashore to Customs (declaration of goods, firearms, etc.), then Immigration (crew passports, visa stamping) and Quarantine (ship’s stores inventory).
   • Fees: US $20 departure tax per person, US $15 “green tax” per person, US $50 harbour fee per yacht.
4. Local Permits
   • Rock Islands Permit: US $50 per person for 10 days
   • Jellyfish Lake Permit: US $75 per person (often bundled with Rock Islands permit)
   • Fishing License: Koror State license (> 16 years; US $10 for the season)
   • Peleliu Pass/Diving Permit: US $20 per dive if guided by a registered Palauan dive operation.

Clearances for Outer Islands

• Peleliu: Purchase a Peleliu State fee (US $20 per person). Contact Peleliu State Government office.
• Kayangel: Pay Kayangel State fees (US $25 per person) on arrival; no formal office—visit local mayor’s representative.
• Helen Reef: Secure a Helen Reef National Park Permit through the Palau Conservation Society (US $100 per person) well in advance; North-south passages may require contacting park rangers on VHF 16.

Strict compliance with these procedures ensures a smooth visit; failures can incur fines or deportation. Many skippered charter operators assist clients with all permit formalities.

Security and Emergencies

• General Safety
  • Palau is one of the safest countries in the Pacific. Violent crime is virtually non-existent.
  • Petty theft (e.g., dinghy outboard theft) can occur in Koror—always lock your dinghy and secure valuable items aboard.
  • Outer islands see almost no crime; locals value visitors and often keep a caring eye on yachts.
• Medical Facilities
  • Belau National Hospital (Koror) handles routine and moderate emergencies; major trauma may require medevac to Guam or Manila.
  • Yachts should carry a well-stocked first aid kit, common antibiotics, seasickness remedies and prescription medicines (must be declared at Customs).
• Search & Rescue
  • VHF 16 contacts Palau Port Control; they coordinate with local police and volunteer fire departments.
  • For serious emergencies at sea, contacting the USCG District 14 in Guam via HF or satellite phone can initiate a regional SAR response (albeit delayed).
  • A personal EPIRB or PLB is highly recommended for solo passages to remote atolls.

Sample Itineraries

Below are two suggested itineraries that showcase Palau’s highlights—one designed for a 7-day cruise around Palau Lagoon and the Rock Islands, and another 10-day itinerary extending to Peleliu and Kayangel.

7-Day Itinerary: Palau Lagoon and Rock Islands

Day 1 – Malakal Harbour & Koror

• Morning: Arrive at Malakal Harbour, clear in with Customs/Immigration/Quarantine.
• Afternoon: Pick up mooring near the Royal Belau Yacht Club (RBYC).
• Late Afternoon: Provisioning trip to Koror: supermarkets, dive shop briefings, refuel.
• Evening: Dinner ashore at Onyon (Pacific Palace Hotel) for local-fusion cuisine; plan next day’s schedule with the RBYC skipper.

Day 2 – Palau Lagoon Exploration

• Morning: Depart Malakal through the East channel into Palau Lagoon. Sail to Ngaraard Harbour (8 NM NW of Koror). Anchor in 7 m sand.
• Afternoon: Visit Ngaraard village, stroll the coconut plantations, and barter for fresh fruits.
• Evening: Return sail to Ngerekebesang Island on Babeldaob’s south coast for dinner and overnight in 9 m of calm water.

Day 3 – Sail to Rock Islands (Milky Way Bay)

• Morning: Sail southwest 10 NM to Milky Way Bay (Rock Islands). Enter through Jellies Pass on the east rim.
• Afternoon: Anchor in 5–8 m of silicate sand. Dinghy ashore for beach picnic and snorkelling among glass-bottomed corals.
• Evening: Sunset barbeque on the bow. Sleep under a canopy of stars.

Day 4 – Rock Island Lagoon (Siaes & Ngermechau)

• Morning: Sail northward within Rock Islands to Siaes Tunnel. Navigate the narrow waterway (2 m clearance) as tides allow.
• Afternoon: Explore Ngermechau’s mangrove channels by dinghy; snorkel under overhanging limestone.
• Evening: In the lee of a tall island, anchor in 8 m sand; calm waters ensure a restful night.

Day 5 – Jellyfish Lake & Ulong Island

• Morning: Dinghy to Jellyfish Lake (requires permit). Swim among the golden jellyfish, a surreal sensation.
• Afternoon: Sail 3 NM northeast to Long Beach, Ulong Island. Anchor in 8 m sand. Hike the short trail to a hidden blowhole and snorkel the Ulong Channel.
• Evening: Quiet night on the hook, listening to waves lap the coral walls.

Day 6 – Return to Koror via Ngardmau Waterfall

• Morning: Depart Ulong, sail 12 NM to Ngardmau Harbour (northwest Babeldaob). Anchor in 7 m sand.
• Afternoon: Dinghy ashore and hike to Ngardmau Waterfall (a 2 km walk).
• Evening: Return sail to Malakal, picking up mooring near RBYC. Enjoy a final dinner at Jellyfish Café (overwater patio).

Day 7 – Departure from Malakal

• Morning: Final provisioning (water, ice) or quick dive alongside the yacht.
• Late Morning: Clear out with Customs/Immigration; lift dinghy and prepare for departure.
• Afternoon: Weigh anchor, point for the next destination—perhaps Yap or Chuuk—or depart for home.

10-Day Itinerary: Outer Archipelago Adventure

Days 1–6 – As Above (Days 1–4 from 7-Day Itinerary, plus Ngardmau Day)

Follow Days 1 through 5 of the 7-day itinerary; Day 6 remain in Malakal to rest and refuel.

Day 7 – Sail to Peleliu

• Morning: Depart Malakal, sail southwest 40 NM toward Peleliu Pass with NE trade winds. Expect a 6–8 hour passage.
• Afternoon: Approach Peleliu Pass on slack tide, entering the lagoon in 15 m of water. Anchor near Ngaidel Channel.
• Evening: Brief walk ashore to Peleliu’s main village (Kloulklubed) for village visit—respectful introduction recommended.

Day 8 – Peleliu Historic Dive & Exploration

• Morning: Join a local dive operation (e.g., Peleliu Dive Adventures) for a dive on a WWII wreck—Japanese supply ship or U.S. freighter.
• Afternoon: Explore Peleliu’s battlefield trails (now accessible via a guided tour) that wind through memorials and relic sites.
• Evening: Anchor inside the pass; enjoy calm lagoon waters despite occasional west chops.

Day 9 – Sail to Kayangel Atoll

• Morning: Early departure to Kayangel (60 NM north). Overnight passage under stars and trade winds.
• Morning (Day 10): Approach Kayangel Pass at dawn (slack tide). Navigate carefully; depths rise from 15 m to 6 m near entrance. Anchor in 8 m on sand.
• Afternoon: Dinghy ashore to the small village. Locals may sell fish or coconuts; snorkel the central lagoon’s coral gardens.
• Evening: Spend a quiet night at the lonely mooring buoy. The lagoon’s calm and near-perfect isolation provide a deep connection with nature.

Day 10 – Return to Koror or Proceed to Helen Reef

• Option A: Sail 60 NM back to Koror, arriving by evening.
• Option B (for well-equipped yachts): Plan a 340 NM passage to Helen Reef, arriving in 2–3 days (requires full provisioning and ranger permit). Otherwise, use Day 10 as a buffer day to wait for favourable weather before returning to Koror.

Note: This 10-day itinerary demands reliable engines or strong wind forecasts; delays due to squalls or currents are common. Always have an alternative “Plan B” to return via Peleliu if necessary.

FAQs about Sailing in Palau

References

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• Southeast Asia Pilot. “Palau (Belau).” Imray Laurie & Wilson, 2017.
• Blue Water Sailing. “Palau.” Blue Water Sailing, 2014.
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• BWSailing. “Palau Cruise Highlights.” Blue Water Sailing, 2019.
• Cruisers & Sailing Forum. “Avoid Palau.” Cruisersforum.com, 2017.
• Cruising World. Francis, Heather. “Paradise Found in Palau.” Cruising World, 2018.
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• Navily. “The Best Anchorages and Marinas in Palau.” Navily.com, 2024.
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