Sailing in the Pontine Islands

This is a comprehensive and complete guide to sailing in the Pontine Islands, written for sailors at any level who are unfamiliar with, but looking to sail in the area.

The Pontine Islands – also known as the Isole Ponziane – are a charming archipelago in the Tyrrhenian Sea off Italy’s west coast. This guide provides sailors unfamiliar with the Pontine Islands a detailed overview of what to expect, from weather patterns and harbor facilities to chartering logistics and local etiquette. Written in a professional but accessible tone, it mirrors the clear format of trusted travel guides so you can quickly find practical information. Whether you’re planning a bareboat charter to explore hidden coves or a skippered cruise around these volcanic isles, use this guide to prepare for a safe and enjoyable sailing adventure in the Pontine Islands.

Winds and Climate in the Sailing Season

The main sailing season in the Pontine Islands runs roughly from late spring through early autumn (May to October). During these months the climate is typically Mediterranean: warm days, mild nights, and low rainfall. Summer weather (June, July, August) is reliably sunny with average high temperatures in the mid-20s °C; the sea is pleasantly warm for swimming. Summer winds tend to be moderate. The prevailing winds are usually westerlies and north-westerlies (including the Mistral when it reaches this far south), bringing comfortable sailing conditions on most days. By afternoon, a sea breeze often picks up from the southwest or southeast at around Force 2–5 and then fades after sunset. In very settled high-pressure conditions, winds can be light or variable (sometimes gentle southerly or easterly breezes), so motoring may be needed on those calm days.

It’s rare to encounter severe weather in midsummer, but occasional strong systems can occur. A passing Maestrale (north-west wind) can freshen conditions significantly, building choppy seas – sailors then enjoy brisk reaches but should also take care seeking shelter depending on its strength. Likewise, a Scirocco from the southeast can bring hot, dry winds (and sometimes reduce visibility with Saharan dust) and make anchorages on the exposed sides uncomfortable. These stronger winds are less common in July and August, but if they blow, gusts can reach 25–30 knots in the Central Tyrrhenian Sea. Always check the marine forecast: Italian VHF weather bulletins (in Italian and English) are broadcast regularly on channel 68 and coastal stations (following a safety notice on channel 16), providing early warnings for any gales. Outside of peak summer – in late spring (May–early June) or early autumn (September–October) – you might see more variable weather: still generally fair, but with a higher chance of unsettled periods or thunderstorms. These shoulder months offer cooler temperatures and fewer crowds while remaining suitable for sailing, provided you keep an eye on the forecasts.

Summary of Conditions: In peak season, expect predominantly moderate winds (8–15 knots on average) from W–NW, with afternoon sea breezes sometimes swinging SW–SE and generally calm nights. The climate is benign, but plan around the weather: use the lee sides of islands for shelter if a strong wind kicks up. The largest waves typically accompany sustained NW winds, which might affect open crossings from the mainland. By being aware of seasonal patterns, even less-experienced crews can comfortably sail the Pontine Islands in summer’s stable conditions. Just remember that July and August are not only the hottest and busiest months but also when the occasional mistral or thunderstorm can surprise you – so maintain good seamanship and have contingency harbors in mind.

Major Harbours, Anchorages, and Mooring Styles

Despite their small size, the Pontine Islands offer a mix of quaint harbours and idyllic anchorages. Ponza and Ventotene are the two inhabited islands with established ports, while the smaller isles like Palmarola and Zannone have no marinas but boast spectacular anchorages. Below is an overview of key harbours and anchor points, along with typical mooring practices and facilities.​

Ponza (Porto di Ponza): The main harbour on Ponza Island is a picturesque port town lined with pastel-colored buildings. In summer, floating pontoons are installed to increase berthing capacity, creating roughly eight small marina piers within the bay. Yachts typically moor stern-to or bows-to these pontoons using either their own anchor or laid mooring lines (where provided). Space in Ponza’s harbour is at a premium, especially in July and August, and prices for berths soar in high season. The pontoons can accommodate around 200 visiting vessels (up to ~25 m length) in depths of 2–6 m. Water and electricity hookups are available on many pontoons, though fresh water is limited (it’s shipped to the island, so conservation is advised). The harbour has fuel available (a petrol station on the quay), but note the water near the fuel dock is shallow, which can be challenging for deeper-keel boats. In spite of the expanded pontoon system, Ponza marina is often completely full of local and visiting boats during summer weekends. If you arrive without a reservation, you may be directed to anchor outside the harbour. Indeed, many sailors find it more peaceful to anchor off Ponza rather than squeeze into the crowded marina in mid-summer.

Anchoring at Ponza: A popular anchorage is just outside the harbour to the west (often called Frontone Bay near the beach of the same name), where you can drop anchor in 5–6 m over sand/mud. It’s well-sheltered from most directions except the east, and you must keep clear of the ferry turning circle. On the island’s western side, Chiaia di Luna is a stunning bay backed by a tall crescent-shaped white cliff – you can anchor off the closed beach here for good protection in easterly winds. (The beach itself is off-limits due to landslide risk, so admire it from the boat.) In general, Ponza offers numerous anchorages around its coast; you choose one that gives shelter from the prevailing wind on the day. The water is clear, and you’ll find dramatic rock formations, grottoes (like the Blue Grottos and Pilate’s Caves), and pretty coves such as Cala Feola or Cala Inferno that are accessible only by boat – perfect for lunchtime stops and swims. Just be mindful of underwater rocks and shoals that fringe some parts of Ponza’s coast (especially near the NE and SE tips of the island); it’s wise to approach unknown coves slowly and avoid nighttime arrivals at Ponza to steer clear of these hazards.

Ventotene (Porto Vecchio & Porto Nuovo): Ventotene’s main settlement centers around two small harbours on its northeast side. The Porto Vecchio is an ancient Roman harbour carved from tufa rock; it is tiny, shallow (around 2 m depth), and mainly suitable for smaller yachts (up to ~12 m) with shallow draft. If you venture into Porto Vecchio, yachts normally go bows-to the quay (with the bow against the dock) because of the limited manoeuvring space and shallow edges. There are some laid moorings and lazy lines in place, but reports suggest these lines may not be well maintained – so you may have to use your own anchor to med-moor. Water and electricity are available on the quay, but only a few berths exist here and an old local attendant might informally help you moor (often expecting a friendly tip for his guidance). Just north of the old harbour is the Porto Nuovo (Cala Rossano), a modern ferry port and yacht basin enclosed by a breakwater. In Porto Nuovo, yachts up to ~20 m can med-moor at a pontoon or quay managed by the local yacht club – again typically stern or bow to, with mooring lines or your anchor. This new harbour has deeper water than the old one and a pontoon offering around 20 yacht berths on laid moorings. Basic services (water, electricity, fuel by mini-tanker on request) are available here. The holding ground around Ventotene is rocky in places, so anchoring is limited: in settled weather you can anchor in the bay just south of Porto Vecchio in 8–12 m on sand patches (holding is reasonable in sand and rock mix). However, Ventotene and its tiny satellite islet Santo Stefano are part of a Marine Protected Area, which imposes some restrictions – anchoring is generally permitted only in designated zones. The preferred spot is often called Porto Romano, just outside the old harbour under the cliff, which is sheltered and scenic. When mooring in Ventotene’s harbours, note that northerly winds can send a swell into Porto Nuovo, making it uncomfortable or even unsafe in near-gale conditions. In spite of its east-facing entrance, the old harbour can also become dangerous in very strong easterlies or sirocco conditions. Many skippers choose to avoid overnighting at Ventotene if serious winds are forecast, heading back to Ponza or to the mainland instead. But in normal summer breezes (prevailing west or northwest), both harbours offer adequate shelter. Facilities on Ventotene are limited but sufficient: you’ll find a few cafés and a mini-market in the village above the port, and the atmosphere is delightfully low-key compared to Ponza’s bustle.

Palmarola: Palmarola is an uninhabited island west of Ponza, often described as a natural paradise. There are no harbours or jetties on Palmarola – visiting boats must anchor off. In calm summer weather, anchoring here is a highlight of any Pontine itinerary. The most frequented anchorage is in the southeastern bay known as Cala del Porto, near some dramatic cliffs and sea grottoes. Here you can anchor in sand patches, with depths from about 5–15 m. The cove is open to the east but shielded from westerly winds by the island’s rocky spine. There are a couple of rustic seasonal restaurants ashore at Cala del Porto, so you might take your dinghy in for a seafood lunch (there’s no formal dinghy dock – you’ll usually land on the tiny pebble beach). Other good anchor spots around Palmarola include Cala Brigantina on the south side (well-protected from winds north through southeast) and the area around Punta Tramontana on the northern tip, which offers gorgeous snorkelling. Because Palmarola has no settlements, there are no services or supplies for yachts (no water, fuel, shops, etc.). You must be entirely self-sufficient when visiting. Also, be prepared to weigh anchor and leave if the weather turns – if any strong wind is forecast (particularly from east or south), it’s wise to make the short hop back to Ponza’s protected side for overnight shelter. In other words, enjoy Palmarola in fair weather and daylight, but don’t get caught there in a storm.

Other Islands and Anchorages: Zannone is a deserted island north of Ponza, part of a national park (with a protected status). There are no facilities or permanent moorings. Anchoring is possible in good conditions off Zannone’s coast (for example, at the south end near Spiaggia del Varo), but overnight stays are uncommon. It’s more a daytime excursion spot for its clear waters and wild scenery. Santo Stefano, next to Ventotene, has a notable abandoned prison on its hilltop. You can anchor off Santo Stefano for a lunch stop and dinghy ashore to see the ruins (the cove on the north side is popular), but again no infrastructure exists. Both of these minor islands add to the Pontine adventure but require the skipper’s vigilance regarding weather and anchoring practice.

Mooring Styles and Techniques: Throughout the Pontine Islands, you’ll mostly encounter Mediterranean mooring practices. In ports like Ponza and Ventotene, expect to moor stern-to or bow-to a quay/pontoon. Often you will need to drop your anchor a boat-length or two away and reverse in toward the dock, securing your stern lines to shore (if lazy lines or mooring ropes are provided by the marina, a staff member – ormeggiatore – may hand them to you instead of using your own anchor). In Ponza’s marina and Ventotene’s Porto Nuovo, marineros (dockhands) can guide you to a spot and help take your lines. Have your bow anchor ready to let go when instructed, and ample fenders on both sides, as boats pack in tightly. Rafting up (tying alongside another boat) is not the norm in these harbours, but at anchor you may find vessels ending up relatively close due to space constraints. Anchoring etiquette is crucial: give sufficient scope (chain length) and avoid laying your anchor over someone else’s if possible. The anchorages around the islands mostly have sandy bottoms interspersed with Posidonia seagrass. It’s best to anchor on sand patches to get good holding and to protect the seagrass (which is both an ecological treasure and, in marine reserves, anchoring on it may be forbidden). Alongside mooring (tying side-on to a pier) is rare in the Pontine Islands due to limited quay space – usually only the inter-island ferries go alongside the main piers. One exception: Ventotene sometimes has free space to lie alongside the inside of the breakwater in Porto Nuovo if you don’t need water or electricity (this spot sees swell in strong winds, though). Mooring buoys are not widely installed in the Pontines for visiting yachts. On occasion, you might find a privately laid buoy (for example, near a beach club or dive site), but generally you should be prepared to anchor or med-moor rather than expecting public mooring buoys. If mooring buoys are present and available (and not clearly private), they can save seabed damage – but always inspect the buoy and line condition before trusting it overnight.

Below is a summary table of the main harbours and anchorages with their features:

Chartering in the Pontine Islands (Bareboat, Skippered & Crewed)

Chartering a yacht is one of the best ways to explore the Pontine Islands, and various charter options are available to suit different experience levels and preferences. The region is not as heavily saturated with charter bases as, say, the Amalfi Coast or Sardinia, but it is well-served by companies operating out of nearby mainland ports. Here’s what to expect from bareboat, skippered, and crewed chartering in the Pontine area:

Bareboat Charter

If you are an experienced sailor and wish to captain the yacht yourself, bareboat chartering gives you full freedom. There isn’t a charter marina on the Pontine Islands themselves where you simply walk aboard – instead, bareboat charters typically start from the mainland or nearby larger islands. The ideal base ports to reach the Pontines are Nettuno (south of Rome) and Naples/Procida to the south. Nettuno Marina (about 35 nautical miles from Ponza) is a popular jumping-off point for a week’s charter to the islands. From Naples or Procida (about 60 nm from Ponza, or closer to 20 nm to Ventotene), some charter fleets offer itineraries that include the Pontines as part of a one-week loop. When chartering bareboat, you’ll need to demonstrate adequate sailing qualifications and experience (see the next section on certifications). Bareboat clients are expected to handle navigation, anchoring, and mooring on their own – so it’s a great option for confident crews who want independence. The Pontine Islands offer a relatively small cruising ground, so on a one-week bareboat hire you can comfortably visit all the main islands and be back to base without overly long daily sails. Keep in mind that in peak summer, you should plan your route such that you arrive at popular spots early in the day to secure anchorage or berth space. Provisioning can be done at the start (Nettuno and Procida have supermarkets) and topped up in Ponza or Ventotene midway (both have grocery shops and daily produce markets). Bareboat chartering in this region is especially rewarding for those who enjoy exploring quiet coves at their own pace – you can linger for an extra swim at Palmarola or depart early to catch sunrise at sea, with no set schedule but your own.

Skippered Charter

For sailors or holidaymakers who either lack the required qualifications or simply prefer a relaxed trip, a skippered charter is ideal. This means you rent the yacht with a professional skipper on board. Many charter companies in the area (and local skipper-owners) offer this service. If you embark from a mainland marina (e.g. a charter base at Formia, Gaeta, or Naples), your skipper will handle the navigation and boat handling, while you and your friends/family enjoy the journey. Skippered charters let you learn the ropes as well – a good skipper will often involve guests in sailing if they’re interested, offering an educational element. In the Pontine Islands, having a skipper can be beneficial for those unfamiliar with Med-mooring or anchoring in crowded bays, as the skipper will know the local quirks, the best spots given the weather, and any restricted areas. Skippered charters are common for long weekends or short trips too – for example, an extended weekend voyage from Nettuno to Ponza and Palmarola with a skipper is a popular getaway package in summer. Note that if you hire only a skipper, you’re still essentially bareboat in terms of provisioning and possibly cooking (the skipper is there for safe navigation and boat handling). You’ll need a cabin or berth for the skipper to sleep, and typically you’re expected to feed the skipper during the trip. The benefit is you don’t need a license or extensive experience; you can just relax and let a pro ensure you visit the must-see spots safely. This option suits groups that want a private yacht experience but aren’t comfortable taking full charge of the yacht.

Crewed Charter

A crewed charter usually refers to a larger yacht (often a sailing catamaran or motor yacht) that comes with a full crew – for instance, a skipper plus a hostess/cook, and perhaps additional deckhands or a chef on luxury vessels. In the Pontine Islands, fully crewed charters tend to be high-end, often booked through specialised yacht charter brokers. The crew handles everything: sailing, meal preparation, cleaning, and guiding you to the best experiences on each island. This is essentially like staying in a floating hotel with personalised service. For example, a crewed yacht might pick you up in Naples and take you on a week-long cruise that includes Capri, Ischia, and a couple of days around Ponza and Palmarola, with all meals onboard and activities arranged. While expensive, this option is great for those seeking a premium, worry-free vacation. It’s also an option for corporate retreats or larger family gatherings. Catamarans are popular as crewed yachts in this area, given their spaciousness and stable ride. Note that crewed charters usually include a skipper/captain who holds the necessary qualifications, so no one in your party needs a license. The itineraries can be flexible but often follow well-planned routes optimised for relaxation and sightseeing.

Charter Availability

The Pontine Islands, while beloved by Italian sailors, are somewhat less internationally famous than, say, Capri or the Aeolian Islands. This means charter availability might be more limited or concentrated in certain ports. Booking well in advance for July or August is highly recommended. Some companies allow one-way charters (for instance, pick up a boat in Naples and drop it in Nettuno or vice versa), enabling you to cover more area – but such arrangements usually incur extra fees. Also, consider flotilla charters if offered: a flotilla is where you sail your own boat but in the company of several other yachts led by a lead skipper. While flotillas are more common in places like Greece, occasionally sailing clubs or companies organise a flotilla through the Pontine Islands for a social sailing experience. This can be a fun compromise for less experienced sailors who still want to skipper their own boat but have guidance nearby.

Certification and License Requirements

To charter a yacht in Italy (including the Pontine Islands area), certain certifications are legally required for bareboat charters. Italy has specific regulations for who can skipper a pleasure craft, especially when venturing beyond coastal limits. Here’s what you need to know about qualifications and paperwork before you charter:

• Sailing License (Skipper Certification): For bareboat sailing charters, the skipper must hold an appropriate sailing license that is recognized by Italian authorities. Generally, Italian regulations state that skippers wishing to sail more than 6 miles offshore in Italian waters need to hold an International Certificate of Competence (ICC). In practice, virtually all charter companies in Italy enforce the license rule regardless of distance. Commonly accepted qualifications include the ICC, which can be obtained via national sailing associations (for example, RYA Day Skipper with an ICC validation, ASA 104 Bareboat Cruising certificate, etc.). The key is that the license should indicate competence to handle a vessel of the size you’re chartering in coastal waters. Always check with your charter company beforehand to ensure your certification meets their requirements. No license, no bareboat – if you show up without proper credentials, you’ll be denied the boat or obliged to hire a skipper.
• Powerboat License: If you plan to charter a motor yacht or RIB, note that Italian law requires a boat license for any motorized vessel with engine power over 40 HP. This is a low threshold (nearly all charter motorboats exceed it), so effectively a powerboat bareboat charter also demands a valid powerboating license. Many sailing licenses cover motorboats as well (the ICC can have categories for sail and power). If yours does not, or if you only have a sailing qualification, consider whether a motor yacht charter is wise or if you should stick to sail, or take a skipper.
• VHF Radio License: In addition to the skipper’s license, Italian charter requirements stipulate that at least one person on board (usually the skipper) should hold a VHF radio operator’s certificate (SRC – Short Range Certificate, or national equivalent). The ICC from some countries includes a VHF endorsement; otherwise a standalone Marine VHF/SRC license is needed. Charter companies might ask for proof of this. The reason is that using the boat’s radio (for weather info or to call harbours and the Coast Guard) is regulated, and they expect someone knows how to operate it correctly. In practice, some charter bases don’t strictly check the VHF license once they see a sailing license, but legally it’s required. It’s wise to have the radio cert in any case, as you will be using the VHF in these islands (to call port authorities, etc.).
• Crew Competence & Sailing CV: Beyond formal certificates, many charter outfits ask for a sailing résumé or log of experience from the skipper (and sometimes the first mate). The Pontine Islands involve open-sea sailing, so companies prefer skippers who have experience with similar coastal/offshore routes and with handling a boat of comparable size to the one they’re renting. For example, if you’re chartering a 45-foot sailing yacht, you should have skippered something close to that size before, or at least crewed extensively on one. If your recent sailing has been on a 25-foot lake boat, they may be hesitant to hand over a 45’ cruiser in the Tyrrhenian Sea. It’s a good idea to list any past charters, courses, or significant passages you’ve done when filling out the experience form. If you are going in shoulder season or think you might encounter rough weather, demonstrating strong experience becomes even more important.
• Required Documents: Ensure you bring the originals of your licenses (photocopies or digital scans may not be accepted). Also bring your passport and any other paperwork the charter company asks for (often they send a checklist in advance). The boat’s papers (registration, insurance) should be provided by the charter base – but as skipper you may need to show them in case of a Coast Guard inspection. Italian authorities can do random checks at sea, and if you’re asked, you should be able to produce: your license, ID/passport, the boat’s registration, proof of insurance, and a crew list. The charter company will handle most of that documentation, but you hold responsibility while you’re out.
• Regulations for Distance: As mentioned, the 6-mile rule is important. Essentially, if you did not have a license and took a small boat, Italian law would limit you to within 6 nm of shelter. But since the Pontines are well beyond that, a license is mandatory. With a valid license, you’re generally allowed to sail up to 12 nm offshore (territorial waters) or further – charters don’t usually allow going beyond Italian waters anyway. If you plan anything unusual like a crossover to another country’s waters, check legalities and if extra permits or higher qualifications (e.g. RYA Yachtmaster) are needed. For just the Pontine Islands, a standard coastal license (ICC/Day Skipper level) suffices, as they are within a day-sail of the coast.
• Insurance and Deposits: While not a “certification,” note that chartering bareboat entails a security deposit (unless you opt for insurance to cover it). Make sure you understand the insurance coverage – sometimes you can pay extra for a damage waiver. This is advisable if you are not very confident med-mooring in tight spots, as small collisions with harbour walls or neighbouring boats can happen to the best of us. The skipper’s license does not in itself insure you; it simply proves competence. Separate charter insurance can give peace of mind.
• If Unqualified: If you realize you don’t meet these requirements, your options are to hire a skipper (as discussed above, turning it into a skippered charter), or to obtain the needed certification before your trip. Many sailors plan ahead and take an ICC assessment or RYA course in advance so they can enjoy a Mediterranean bareboat holiday. The effort is worth it if you’re keen to sail on your own.

In short, Italy enforces skipper qualifications stringently: an ICC or equivalent license is a must for bareboat charters, along with a VHF operator’s certificate. Do your homework and get certified well before you go. Having the right paperwork ensures you won’t hit any last-minute snags at the marina, and you’ll be legal and safe on the water.

Ideal Experience Level: Beginners, Intermediates, or Experts?

What level of sailor is the Pontine Islands best suited to? The answer depends on how you plan to sail and the time of year, but generally the Pontine Islands are an intermediate-friendly sailing area with some caveats. Here’s a breakdown by experience level:

• Beginners / Novice Sailors: If you have minimal sailing experience or this is your first bareboat charter, the Pontine Islands can present some challenges. The distances involved mean you’ll be sailing out of sight of land for a few hours when crossing from the mainland – this requires basic navigation skills (following a compass bearing or GPS route) and confidence. While the summer conditions are often mild, the open sea fetch can produce uncomfortable motion for those not used to it. Also, once at the islands, you need to handle Mediterranean mooring in busy small harbours and anchor in sometimes crowded bays, which can be stressful for a completely green skipper. Therefore, the Pontines are not ideal for absolute beginners on a bareboat. That said, novices can still enjoy these islands in a couple of ways: one, by hiring a skipper (so experience level isn’t an issue – you can even treat it as a learning opportunity); or two, by joining a flotilla or sailing tour where an experienced lead boat provides guidance. Another option for less-experienced sailors is to start from a closer base (for instance, if you’re already chartering in the Gulf of Naples, Ventotene is just 18 nm from Ischia, which is a manageable first “offshore” hop in good weather). In summary, beginners with an instructor or skipper can absolutely enjoy the Pontine Islands – the scenery and experience are accessible to anyone on board – but beginners as independent skippers should gain more experience first or stick to more forgiving waters.
• Intermediate Sailors: The Pontine Islands are often described as an excellent intermediate cruising ground. If you’ve sailed in places like the Greek Ionian or the Dalmatian coast and handled a yacht for a week or two, you will find the Pontines a natural next step. The technical skills needed – navigating with charts/GPS, using VHF, med-mooring stern-to, anchoring securely – are all within the grasp of a skipper with moderate experience. Intermediates are likely already comfortable with day passages of 20–30 miles, which is what you’ll do from port to port here. You will, however, be tested in some ways: for instance, night navigation is best avoided (approaches to Ponza have off-lying rocks and are not well-lit, so plan to arrive in daylight). You’ll also need to keep an eye on the weather forecast more vigilantly than in a landlocked cruising area because you have fewer bolt-holes if a surprise gale arises – the nearest safe harbours might be many miles away. Thanks to modern forecasting and the generally predictable summer climate, intermediate sailors who plan properly should have no issues. Docking stern-to in Ponza’s harbour when it’s crowded demands a calm head and crew coordination, which many sailors build up after a few charters. Likewise, if you can anchor confidently in 10 m depth and know how to handle your boat in close quarters, you have the core skills needed. Many sailing schools consider a trip to the Pontine Islands a good “mile-building” and skill-honing exercise for Day Skipper level sailors. So if you categorize yourself as intermediate (say, you have an ICC and maybe a few hundred nautical miles under your belt as skipper), the Pontines offer just the right mix of adventure and safety. You’ll feel challenged but not overwhelmed, which is ideal for growing experience.
• Advanced/Expert Sailors: Experienced sailors (those who might hold a Yachtmaster, or have done longer offshore voyages, or simply have years of cruising experience) will find the Pontine Islands enjoyable but perhaps relatively tame in midsummer. For an expert, the basic navigation and boat handling here will be second nature. The key for experts is to consider coming in the shoulder season for more of a challenge – for example, in May or late September, when the weather is less settled and there are far fewer yachts around. Off-season sailing in the Pontines can indeed demand advanced skills: sudden thunderstorms (autumn brings occasional squalls), heavier winds, and being potentially the only yacht in an anchorage with limited services open – all that will call on your seamanship. Additionally, experts might use the Pontine Islands as one leg of a longer voyage (e.g., sailing down from Tuscany or around from Sardinia, then on to Amalfi). The area can serve as a testing ground for single-handing skills or as a quiet retreat after more challenging passages. One aspect that even advanced sailors must respect is the lack of all-weather harbours in the Pontines. The islands have no marinas that are safe in a full gale from any direction; Ponza’s harbor, for instance, could become untenable in a severe easterly storm. Therefore, experts need contingency plans (perhaps ready to sail back to a mainland port like Gaeta or take shelter behind Cape Circeo) if a big blow is forecast. Lastly, experts will appreciate the nuance that each island has slightly different demands: e.g., precision anchoring at Palmarola to avoid underwater rocks, careful pilotage into Ventotene’s tight old port, etc. So while an expert doesn’t need the Pontine Islands to test their skills, they certainly won’t be bored – and they can delve into more adventurous pursuits like night sailing to see the island lighthouses or navigating by stars for personal practice.

For whom is it best? In summary, the Pontine Islands are best suited to intermediate sailors looking for a step up from very sheltered waters. It provides a sense of blue-water sailing (you have to cross open water to get there) without the commitment of multi-day passages. It’s a fine area for an intermediate skipper with a competent crew, offering growth opportunities in navigation and mooring techniques. Beginners can still enjoy it with the support of a skipper or in a flotilla, but shouldn’t skipper alone on a first-ever charter here. Experts will enjoy the islands as a relaxing cruise or a stopover on a larger adventure, finding ample beauty and enough technical interest if they seek it. The key is to honestly assess your skills: if certain aspects (like med-mooring) are new to you, perhaps practice or take a course beforehand, or go in a shoulder season when it’s less hectic. With appropriate experience, the Pontine Islands reward you with a fantastic blend of natural splendor and authentic Italian sailing culture.

Local Rules, Etiquette, and Codes of Conduct

When sailing in the Pontine Islands (and Italian waters in general), it’s important to follow local regulations and observe good nautical etiquette. Here are key codes of conduct and tips specific to the region, ensuring you respect both the law and the local maritime culture:

• Speed Limits and Approach to Swimmers: Italian law mandates strict speed limits near the coast. When you’re within 1,000 m of shore, you should keep your speed under 10 knots, and always under 5 knots within 300 m of any swimming area. As you get very close to beaches (usually buoyed-off swimming zones), you must drop to idle speed. To bring a dinghy ashore on a beach, use a designated corridor (often marked by yellow buoys) at slow speed; if no corridor exists, you are expected to row in. Swimming is forbidden in those dinghy corridors. Anchoring and navigating your yacht is not permitted too close to beaches – generally you must stay 200–300 m off beaches during daylight hours. This is both for safety (to avoid swimmers) and is enforced by the Coast Guard (fines have been given for yachts anchoring too near a bathing area). So, keep a respectful distance from popular beaches and watch for local signage about boating limits. In crowded anchorages, also be mindful of snorkelers or swimmers around boats; post a lookout and operate slowly when people are in the water.
• Anchoring and Environmental Care: The Pontine Islands are home to delicate marine ecosystems, including seagrass meadows (Posidonia) that line many bay floors. Avoid anchoring on Posidonia beds – not only is it poor holding for your anchor, but it also damages the grass which is protected. Instead, look for sandy patches (usually lighter colored seabed) to drop anchor. In marine protected zones (for example, parts of Ventotene and Santo Stefano’s reserve), anchoring may be restricted altogether or allowed only in certain spots. Always heed signage or instructions if you see floating markers or notices indicating a protected area. There might be “no anchoring” zones to safeguard underwater archaeological sites or sensitive habitats. If unsure, ask local authorities or consult updated sailing guides. Also, never anchor in charted cable areas (marked on charts) to avoid snagging undersea cables. When anchored, practice good etiquette: give nearby boats room to swing, and if you need to reposition because you anchored too close to someone, do so in a timely manner (ideally before nightfall). It’s customary not to anchor immediately upwind of another vessel at close range, to prevent risk if you drag. Additionally, many Italian boaters use a line ashore in small coves to stabilize position – if you choose to do this, make sure you’re not inadvertently blocking the cove for others or crossing someone’s anchor line.
• Mooring Etiquette in Harbors: In the small harbours like Ponza and Ventotene, cooperation is key. When you med-moor, try not to cross your anchor chain over your neighbour’s. This means dropping your anchor well outside the swing area and roughly in line with where you’ll end up berthed. If you suspect your chain has fouled someone else’s (or vice versa), discuss a plan before departure – often one boat will wait while the other lifts and untangles. If a marinero is helping, follow their instructions for where to drop anchor or when to take up slack – they often know how to minimize crossed chains. Upon entering a busy harbour, prepare your crew and lines in advance so you can execute mooring efficiently without blocking fairways. It’s considered polite to offer assistance to boats docking next to you – for instance, handling a line or fending off gently if needed. Most Italian sailors will help each other in this way, and a little camaraderie goes a long way. Noise-wise, try to keep things reasonably quiet at night when moored in close quarters; sound travels easily between boats. People in Italy tend to dine late and be up late, but still, loud music or shouting on deck at 2am in a packed marina is frowned upon.
• Reservations and Local Customs: In high season, it’s wise to reserve berths in advance where possible. Ponza’s private pontoon operators can often be called or contacted via VHF earlier in the day to hold a spot (if you speak Italian or get your charter company to assist with the call, it helps). Ventotene’s harbormaster or yacht club can also advise on space via radio or phone. If you have a reservation, announce it when you arrive. On radio, hail “Ponza Porto” or “Ventotene Porto” on channel 16 (they may shift you to a working channel) and request instructions. Often, however, smaller ports operate by sight – a dinghy might come out to signal you. Follow any local protocols – for example, in Ventotene you might have to moor bow-to in the old harbour as a rule. Additionally, be aware of ferry schedules: don’t moor in spots reserved for ferries or hydrofoils (they usually have signs or a red-painted area on the quay). In Ponza, a good tip is to avoid anchoring in the middle of the main harbour bay during daytime – leave room for the ferry to swing and maneuver. The ferries and supply ships will use their loud horn if you’re in the way, which is an embarrassing faux pas. As for local courtesy, greetings matter: saying “Buongiorno” or “Buonasera” to harbour staff and fellow boaters, even if language is a barrier, is appreciated. When you depart, if someone helped you with lines, a wave and “Grazie, ciao!” is polite. Tipping small amounts to marina staff who assist (a few Euros or a drink) is not obligatory but a kind gesture if they’ve been especially helpful.
• Protected Areas and Restrictions: The Pontine Islands have certain protected zones. For instance, around Ventotene and Santo Stefano, designated as a Marine Reserve, there are specific rules: Zone A (no entry) around parts of Santo Stefano, Zone B/C allowing regulated access around Ventotene. Generally, the harbours and main anchoring spots are outside the strict no-entry zones, so it won’t affect typical mooring. However, activities like fishing, diving, or anchoring could be restricted in parts. It’s good practice to avoid fishing in the marine reserve unless you’ve confirmed it’s allowed in that zone (spear-fishing is broadly illegal in reserves). If you enjoy line fishing from the yacht, ensure you’re outside any no-fishing zones (consult local guidelines or ask the Coast Guard). Another environmental rule: do not collect shells, corals, or archaeological artifacts – Ventotene in particular has protected wreck sites. If you plan to scuba dive, it should be through an authorized dive center in those areas, as they know where it’s permitted. Garbage disposal is important too: never throw trash overboard. Use the bins and recycling containers available near harbors (Ponza and Ventotene both have waste facilities; you might even see a garbage boat collecting refuse from yachts in Ponza). As for sewage (black water) discharge from holding tanks, avoid releasing it near shore or in enclosed bays. If your yacht has holding tanks, use them when in port or near swimmers, and only empty them well offshore in open water. Many sailors adopt a 3-mile-from-shore rule for emptying tanks in the Med. It’s part of respectful cruising to keep these pristine waters clean.
• General Courtesy and Traditions: The Pontine Islands, especially Ponza, have a lively boating scene in summer. You’ll notice many Italian families anchor fairly close together in favorite bays – sometimes closer than what other nationalities might consider personal space. If someone anchors very near, it’s often with the intention to tie to shore or because they’re used to cozy anchoring – keep cool, and if uncomfortable, politely discuss or just relocate. On weekends, especially the mid-August holiday, expect a bit of organized chaos – understanding that in Italy, a degree of managed chaos is normal will help your mindset. When in Rome, do as the Romans do: for example, in a crowded anchorage, Italians often put out a bow anchor and then take stern lines ashore, creating a neat row of boats close to the cliffs (this maximizes space and keeps the bay’s center clear). If you join this practice, be careful not to lay your anchor over someone else’s and ensure your lines ashore are well-secured but easy to release. As for evening etiquette, Italians tend to socialize boat-to-boat. Don’t be surprised if neighbouring boats strike up a conversation or offer you a glass of wine; the atmosphere is friendly. Embrace the camaraderie if you like, or if you prefer solitude, seek a more secluded bay rather than expecting a popular cove to be tranquil. Lastly, remember that safety is paramount: the Italian Coast Guard (Guardia Costiera) can be reached on VHF channel 16 or by dialing 1530, and they appreciate when sailors follow regulations. They may do routine checks, so having all your documents and safety gear in order will make any encounter quick and amicable.

By following these local etiquette guidelines, you’ll not only avoid fines and friction but also win the goodwill of the community. The Pontine Islands thrive on summer visitors, and the locals are generally welcoming to sailors who show respect for the rules and the environment. Essentially, sail with the same courtesy and care you’d expect from others – protect the sea, be safe and considerate, and embrace the Italian pace of life. A courteous approach might even reward you with insider tips from locals, like a fisherman pointing out a hidden cove or a marina manager finding a berth for you when everything seemed full. Enjoy the hospitality that comes when you’re a respectful guest.

Island-by-Island: Differences and Sailing Highlights

The Pontine Archipelago consists of several islands, each with its own character, attractions, and sailing conditions. Understanding the differences between them will help you plan your journey and be prepared with the right skills for each. Below we break down the main islands and areas within the Pontines:

Ponza – Lively Hub with Diverse Anchorages

Ponza is the largest and most popular island of the group. It offers a mix of natural beauty and a bustling little town. In summer, Ponza town (around the main harbour) becomes a vibrant hub with restaurants, cafes, boutiques, and a cheerful nightlife scene. By day, many visitors rent small boats or take boat tours to explore the coast, so you’ll see plenty of local activity on the water.

Coastline and Anchorages

Ponza’s coastline is dramatic – expect cliffs, arches (like the famous natural arch Arco Naturale on the northeast coast), and numerous coves on all sides of the island. This is great news for sailors: you can nearly always find a lee (sheltered side) to anchor depending on wind direction. For example, with prevailing westerlies, the east side coves (such as Cala Feola or Cala Fonte) are calm; if an easterly breeze springs up, you can move to the west side (Chiaia di Luna or the bays near Capo Bosco) for shelter. The skill needed here is to read the wind and swell – sometimes one side of Ponza will have an uncomfortable swell even if the wind is light, due to distant weather systems. So you might need to relocate around the island to find flat water for the night. The distances are small (Ponza is only about 7 km long), so shifting anchorages is easy and well worth it for a peaceful sleep. Navigationally, Ponza has a few reefs and rocks to note, mostly well-charted. The far southern tip has outlying rocks (the Faraglioni di Mezzogiorno), and the northeastern approach around little Gavi Island has shoals – so don’t cut corners too tightly when sailing around Ponza. A prudent skipper will give the headlands a bit of berth, especially in any swell or low visibility. Approaching Ponza at night is not recommended for first-timers, due to those fringing hazards and sparse lighting – better to arrive in daylight when you can clearly spot the island’s silhouette and any other boats.

Harbour and Mooring

Porto di Ponza, as discussed, can be chaotic in high season. It’s an island where you might need to improvise mooring – e.g., if there’s no spot in the marina, you anchor off and perhaps take the dinghy in. In some summers, enterprising locals set up extra private mooring buoys or temporary floating docks, but you cannot rely on that. This means at Ponza you should be comfortable anchoring your boat securely even if you had hoped for a marina berth. From a skill perspective, anchoring in a crowd is the main challenge; but it’s also a skill that intermediate sailors pick up quickly – it’s about patience, selecting a spot with adequate swing room, and laying sufficient chain. If you absolutely need to go alongside for some reason (say, engine trouble and you want a mechanic), Ponza is the best bet to find assistance since Ventotene has virtually no repair facilities. Communication: Ponza’s harbourmaster listens on VHF 16 and sometimes responds under the call sign “Ponza Porto”. Often though, arriving boats just motor in and look for marineri gesturing where to go. Knowing a few words of Italian can help if things get busy (“posto” = berth, “ancora” = anchor, “pescaggio” = draft, etc.). Once you’re moored or anchored near Ponza town, you have easy access to the waterfront and all its amenities.

Onshore and Activities

Ponza is often called “Capri without the crowds” – although in August it has plenty of crowds of its own (mostly Italian holidaymakers). Still, it retains a somewhat authentic feel. The town doesn’t have big hotels or glitzy resorts; it’s more about family-run trattorias and evening strolls. For sailors, this means you can step off your boat and join the passeggiata (evening promenade) along the harbour, enjoying gelato or an aperitivo. On the practical side, Ponza has the most extensive provisioning opportunities in the Pontines – several grocery stores, a bakery, fruit and vegetable stalls in the morning, even a fish market where local catch is sold. It’s wise to stock up here if you’re running low on provisions. Water refills for tanks can be done at the marina (ask early, as the water supply is rationed in summer). In terms of sightseeing: a hike up to the hilltop shrine Guardia offers panoramic views, or a short bus ride can take you to the other end of the island (e.g., to see the natural pools at Cala Feola from land). There are also taxi tours available: open-air taxis can drive you along the one main road to show you picturesque spots like the west coast cliffs at sunset. For a sailor, one delight is exploring the many grottoes and rock formations by dinghy or snorkelling – Ponza has a set of sea caves called the Grotte di Pilato (just under the cliffs by the main port, actually man-made by the Romans for fish-farming) which you can peek into, and other grottoes with emerald water. Essentially, Ponza is the all-rounder island: it has social buzz, facilities, and natural wonders. It’s a must-stop, even if just to experience a lively Italian island evening after a day of swimming in quiet coves.

Ventotene – Historic and Tranquil

Ventotene is smaller, quieter, and has a unique charm steeped in history. There’s just a modest village on the island, and by 10 pm, it’s noticeably more peaceful than Ponza. Ventotene was used as a place of exile in Roman times (Julia, the daughter of Augustus, was banished here) and later during WWII it held political prisoners – intriguingly, it’s where the Ventotene Manifesto for European unity was written in 1941. Today, its vibe is laid-back and authentic. You won’t find flashy clubs or shopping streets, but you will find locals chatting in the piazza and a very relaxed pace of life.

Harbour Differences

The stark difference here is the harbour infrastructure: Ventotene’s ancient Porto Vecchio is literally cut into the rock, forming a tiny basin with stone quays. The new harbour (Porto Nuovo) is functional but small – essentially one breakwater protecting a ferry quay and a short yacht pontoon. So Ventotene tests a skipper’s ability to manage with very limited moorings. You might arrive and find no space inside either harbour. Then your choices are: anchor outside (if weather permits) or continue onward. Therefore, one might say Ventotene is for more self-reliant sailors. If you insist on docking in Porto Vecchio, you’ll need deft boat handling to avoid scrapes on the stone walls, and possibly willingness to enter a tight spot and moor bow-to with an anchor. Bow thrusters (if your boat has one) or good reverse control come in handy. Many sailors actually prefer to anchor off Ventotene in settled weather and dinghy in for a look around, rather than squeeze into the harbours. Anchoring skills should be solid since the bottom is patchy rock and sand; you may need to set the hook multiple times to ensure it’s caught. Also, as mentioned, strong winds from the north can make even anchoring untenable – advanced sailors will know when to skip Ventotene overnight altogether for safety.

Differences in Scenery & Activities

Ventotene doesn’t have the numerous beaches or coves of Ponza. It’s basically one big rock with a couple of small areas where you can swim near shore. The main beach is Cala Nave, a tiny sand beach on the north side by the village (often half taken up by boat moorings). Most people swim off the rocks or by jumping off their anchored boats. One anchorage spot on the west (around Punta Pascone) is beautiful and usually quiet – with clear water and views of Santo Stefano islet. The draw on Ventotene is largely historical and cultural: touring the Roman cisterns (underground water storage tunnels you can visit), wandering the quiet streets with their faded pastel houses, and visiting the small museum that showcases artifacts from shipwrecks found in local waters. The island has a few walking trails – you can stroll up to the hill with the lighthouse or along terraced fields (Ventotene is known for its lentil farming). If Ponza feels like a holiday hotspot, Ventotene feels like a step back in time to a simple fishing village atmosphere.

Who It’s Suited For

Ventotene is best for those seeking a calm retreat and a bit of history. Intermediate sailors can handle it fine as long as they’re comfortable anchoring if needed. It’s actually a great stop for a bit of rest after the busyness of Ponza. There’s less to do in terms of variety, so a day or two is usually sufficient here. Beginner skippers might find Ventotene tricky due to the lack of easy mooring – so if you were a novice, you’d likely only come here with a skipper or as part of a flotilla. For experts, Ventotene might be a highlight precisely because it’s not touristy; it feels like authentic Mediterranean cruising. Keep in mind Ventotene’s Marine Reserve status: one nice offering is a well-run diving center on the island, which can take you to dive the protected reefs and even to see Roman wreck sites (a treat for those into scuba). The protected status also means sea life is quite abundant – snorkelling around rocks can reveal schools of fish.

In summary, Ventotene offers tranquility and a touch of antiquity. It requires a bit more patience and skill with mooring/anchoring logistics, but rewards you with an atmosphere that is increasingly rare in the busy Med. It’s an island where you can hear the wind and sea at night more than the thump of music, and where the highlight of the evening might be a quiet limoncello at a café under the stars.

Palmarola – Wild Beauty and Seamanship Testing

Palmarola, essentially a nature reserve, is often the highlight of the Pontines for those seeking unspoiled beauty. It has no towns, just raw landscapes: sheer cliffs striped with mineral colors, caves, and jagged rock formations (one famous rock is called the Cattedrale because the high cliff with erosions looks like the nave of a cathedral). Sailing around Palmarola is like cruising through a nature documentary – you might see falcons flying overhead and vibrant sea life in the water below.

Sailing Considerations

Because Palmarola has zero development, going there is a true test of your cruising autonomy. You rely entirely on your vessel’s supplies and your anchoring prowess. There are multiple anchoring spots, but the key is weather. This island demands good judgment: as mentioned earlier, it’s safe only in settled weather or certain wind directions. If the forecast even hints at a strong wind or swell from an unfavourable direction, a prudent skipper will relocate to Ponza (just an hour’s sail away) for the night. Thus, at Palmarola the emphasis is on weather planning and anchoring technique. Advanced sailors will love Palmarola because they often have the means (and gear) to stay comfortably – maybe a yacht with a generator, plenty of water, and confident crew – meaning they could even overnight in a remote cove happily. Less experienced crews might only do Palmarola as a day trip, returning to Ponza’s security by evening. Neither approach is wrong; it’s about comfort level and risk management.

Anchorages and Techniques

Some coves, like the popular Cala del Porto on Palmarola’s southeast, can get a handful of yachts anchored. Given it’s a small cove, you might need to use a stern line to shore to keep the boat from swinging if it’s busy (running a rope from your stern to a rock onshore, effectively mooring Mediterranean-style in an anchorage). This is a technique worth knowing – it’s not mandatory, but on a busy weekend you might see boats do this to fit more in and to stay oriented away from swell. Tying to shore requires a dinghy and a bit of coordination, but it’s useful if wind is nil but a swell sneaks in, to keep the bow pointed into the swell. Ensure you have a long line (30–50 m) if you plan to attempt this. Also check that the rock or cliff you tie to is secure and won’t chafe your line (sometimes people tie around a big boulder or use a natural cleft in the rock). Another well-liked spot is under the towering cliffs of Palmarola’s west side (near Punta Tramontana) at midday – good for lunch and a swim, but generally too exposed for an overnight. Remember, Palmarola has no lights at night except perhaps other boats’ anchor lights and the stars. It will be a very dark anchorage, which is magical but also means you need your anchor light on and a careful watch if conditions change.

The Experience

Palmarola feels completely different from the inhabited islands. There are moments at night when you might be the only boat in a bay, under a sky brimming with stars, with no glimmer of village lights – a magical experience for any sailor. But it also means if, say, your anchor drags at 2am, it’s entirely on you to sort it in the dark (again, why one should only anchor here with full confidence in the weather and holding). During the day, Palmarola’s waters are some of the clearest you’ll find. Snorkeling is highly recommended – you’ll see fish, interesting rock formations below water, and play in caves like the Grotta di Mezzogiorno. There’s also a natural arch under water at Cala Brigantina that free-divers like to swim through. On the human side of things, the only signs of civilization are those two tiny rustic restaurants at Cala del Porto, which are often open only in July/August and sometimes only during daytime. They have no electricity (maybe a generator or solar panels) and they catch or bring in fresh food daily. It can be a surreal experience to enjoy a simple spaghetti ai ricci (sea urchin pasta) or grilled fish on Palmarola, with the backdrop of this wild island, knowing there’s no village around. Bring cash if you plan to eat there – no credit card machines in the wilderness!

Seamanship

Palmarola will hone your anchoring and self-sufficiency skills. Many experienced skippers set an anchor alarm on their GPS when sleeping at Palmarola, just in case. It’s also wise to have a secondary anchor ready (like a kedge) should the primary fail or if you need to deploy a second in rising winds. Inflatables and water toys see a lot of use here since you’re likely at anchor for hours – a kayak or SUP is great for exploring the nooks of the coastline. Just always keep basic safety in mind (lifejackets in the dinghy on longer excursions, someone monitoring the boat if others snorkel far, etc.) because assistance is not immediately at hand. For those who relish a bit of adventure and solitude, Palmarola is unbeatable – often cited as one of the most beautiful islands in the Mediterranean, precisely because it’s untouched.

Zannone – Remote and Pristine

Zannone lies to the northeast of Ponza and is part of the Circeo National Park. It’s uninhabited except for occasional park ranger presence. Zannone is not typically on the standard charter itinerary, largely because it lacks obvious all-weather anchorages and there are strict rules (no staying overnight on the island itself, as it’s a protected wildlife refuge). However, its undisturbed nature – lush vegetation and an absence of buildings – can be an intriguing draw if you’re passing nearby.

Sailing to Zannone

The island can be visited en route between Ponza and the mainland (it lies a bit out of the direct line). There’s a cove on the south side (Cala del Varo) where boats sometimes stop for lunch in calm seas. It’s quite deep near shore, so anchoring means likely dropping in 15–20 m and maybe taking a long line to shore to hold you in place because there’s limited swinging room and depth increases quickly. Given the depths, you need plenty of anchor chain if you attempt this. The holding ground is so-so (patches of sand amid rock and weed). Zannone is best attempted on a very calm day when you’re confident you can retrieve your anchor without incident. Many skippers bypass it entirely, enjoying the view from a distance instead. If you do stop, note that going ashore is formally restricted – one could land a dinghy on the tiny beach at Cala del Varo, but there’s not much there except a path leading up into dense vegetation and ultimately to an abandoned hunting lodge ruin at the top. If a park ranger happens to be about, they might ask you not to disturb the island (especially during bird nesting season). Essentially, Zannone is a nature experience – take it in from the water.

Wildlife

As a park, Zannone has wild goats roaming and lots of bird colonies. You might see falcons or shearwaters. If you snorkel around Zannone, you’ll find very intact marine life (since few people anchor and fish there). This can be a plus for enthusiasts, but again, ensure someone stays aboard to mind the boat when others snorkel, as the currents can pick up around the island’s deeper waters.

Differences

In terms of required skill or equipment, Zannone doesn’t demand anything extra beyond what’s needed for Palmarola – mainly good anchoring gear and the discipline to use it wisely. It’s probably the least visited by charter boats, so if you go, you might be the only yacht there. This appeals to some sailors who love the idea of having an entire island to themselves for an afternoon. Keep in mind though, the mainland (with Circeo promontory) is visible from Zannone, so it’s remote but not in the middle of nowhere – still, there’s no quick help if, say, your engine won’t start. As always, ensure your vessel is in good working order.

Bottom line

Zannone is for the completist or the very nature-focused sailor. It’s not necessary to include it, given the abundance of offerings on Ponza/Palmarola/Ventotene, but it’s there as an option. If you decide to go, pick ideal conditions and treat it as a short, refreshing stop rather than a must-do destination. The silence around Zannone is remarkable – no hum of generators or chatter, just wind rustling and waves lapping – which in our busy world can be a memorable experience in itself.

Santo Stefano – Tiny Islet with a Story

Santo Stefano is a small round islet just a few hundred meters east of Ventotene. It is notable for one structure: a grand but decaying circular prison building perched on its summit, built in the late 1700s by the Bourbon kings. There are no residents or services on Santo Stefano, but it’s steeped in history due to that prison (which held mafiosi and political prisoners until the mid-20th century).

Visiting Santo Stefano

Many sailors visiting Ventotene also take a side trip to Santo Stefano, usually by dinghy or their main boat if conditions allow. You can anchor your yacht off Santo Stefano’s northern side in settled weather. There’s a small indentation in the island’s coast that provides a bit of lee from southerlies, but essentially it’s an open roadstead. Depths drop off quickly, so anchoring might be in 15+ m and on rocky bottom – most choose not to anchor but rather drift or have someone stay on the boat while others go ashore by tender. If you take your dinghy from Ventotene (a 10-minute ride), there’s a tiny concrete landing spot below the prison, but it’s not a harbor – just a place to scramble ashore.

Exploring Ashore

If you do go onto Santo Stefano, you can climb up a path to the prison ruins. Officially, entry into the prison building is prohibited (it’s in disrepair and potentially dangerous), but people do walk around it and peek inside. It’s an eerie and fascinating sight, with an open central courtyard and the cell blocks fanning out in a circle – an early example of a “panopticon” prison design. The views from the top are fantastic, looking back at Ventotene and across the sea. Just take care on the trail and within the structure, as there are no safety railings.

Sailing Considerations

From a seamanship perspective, Santo Stefano is straightforward – it’s so close to Ventotene that it’s almost like an appendage of it. If you’re safely anchored in Ventotene, you might simply dinghy over. If you bring the yacht, do so only in calm conditions and stay ready to move; don’t leave a yacht at anchor unattended here. The area between Ventotene and Santo Stefano is part of the marine reserve, but navigation is allowed. Do keep clear of the ferry route that passes between the islands though.

Differences

This is a very optional stop – a cultural side quest more than a sailing one. It doesn’t require different sailing skills, just prudence and good timing. It’s something to consider if you’re spending a day in Ventotene and want an activity (some skippered charters include a lunch stop anchored off Santo Stefano for a swim and the view, without going ashore). For hardy swimmers, it’s even possible to snorkel or swim across the channel from Ventotene to Santo Stefano (about 600m one-way) – but only do this with a support dinghy due to boat traffic and currents.

In summary for the Islands: Each island in the Pontines offers a slightly different experience:

• Ponza: Best for lively atmosphere, services, and many anchoring choices – suits intermediate sailors, with something for everyone.
• Ventotene: Best for peace, history, and an authentic village feel – requires comfort with simple moorings or anchoring.
• Palmarola: Best for nature and remote beauty – requires good self-sufficiency and anchoring skill, more for confident sailors.
• Zannone: A pristine nature side trip – only for those keen, essentially requires advanced planning and calm weather.
• Santo Stefano: A curiosity for history buffs – a short excursion from Ventotene, navigationally easy but no moorings.

Knowing these differences, you can tailor your itinerary to your crew’s interests and abilities. For example, a family crew might prioritize Ponza’s conveniences and skip long stays at Palmarola, whereas a group of adventurous sailors might do the opposite. The beauty of the Pontine Islands is that they’re all close enough that you can sample a bit of each even on a moderate-length trip, as long as you plan smartly.

Suggested Itineraries

Planning an itinerary for the Pontine Islands depends on your starting point and how long you have. Below are a couple of possible itineraries – one for a one-week charter and one for a shorter trip – that give a flavor of how to structure your time. These suggestions assume a start from a convenient mainland base. Always remain flexible with these plans: weather or personal preference might lead you to linger longer in one spot or skip another.

7-Day Pontine Islands Sailing Itinerary (Round Trip from Nettuno)

Day 1: Nettuno to Ponza (via Palmarola) – Depart Nettuno Marina (on the mainland coast) in the early morning for the ~35 nm open-water passage to Ponza. With a decent breeze, this will be a full day’s sail (6–8 hours). As Ponza’s rugged silhouette comes into view, aim for the west side of Ponza by early afternoon. If conditions are calm and time allows, consider continuing a short distance further to Palmarola (about 5 nm west of Ponza) for a late-day stop. Palmarola’s Cala del Porto makes a stunning first anchorage – reward the crew with a swim in translucent water and a relaxed evening beneath Palmarola’s cliffs. If it’s settled weather, you might even decide to spend the night anchored here, enjoying a quiet night (or dine at the tiny beach trattoria if open). If wind or swell isn’t ideal for Palmarola overnight, hop back to Ponza and anchor on the west side (for example, Chiaia di Luna bay) for the night.

Day 2: Palmarola and Ponza – In the morning, soak up Palmarola’s beauty a bit more (perhaps dinghy into some grottoes or along the coast) before heading back to Ponza Island. Arrive Ponza by late morning, securing a spot in Ponza Porto if you plan a marina night (arriving around checkout time might get you a berth). Alternatively, anchor off Frontone beach or another cove and dinghy into town. Spend the day exploring Ponza: maybe take a local minibus or taxi to see the island from above, or simply wander Ponza town’s shops and waterfront. Late afternoon, sail to a different bay for the evening – for instance, move to Cala Feola on the west (if winds are light) to catch the sunset and swim in the natural rock pools there. Overnight either at anchor (if confident) or back near the harbor anchorage where it’s more sheltered.

Day 3: Ponza to Ventotene – Set out after breakfast for Ventotene (approx 21 nm southeast of Ponza). This passage takes about 4–5 hours, so you’ll arrive by early afternoon. On approach, radio ahead to see if space is available; otherwise prepare to anchor. Enjoy a leisurely afternoon on Ventotene: wander the quiet village, check out the Roman harbour, and perhaps visit the little museum. For sunset, consider a short sail or dinghy ride to Santo Stefano islet to see the abandoned prison up close (or just view it from Ventotene’s lookout points). Have a peaceful dinner in Ventotene – maybe at a family-run restaurant by the main square – and enjoy the stars without the glare of big towns. Night in Ventotene (med-moor in the new harbour if you can, or securely anchor off).

Day 4: Ventotene to Ponza (via Zannone) – Depart Ventotene and head back toward Ponza. If you didn’t get a marina berth at Ponza earlier, perhaps aim for one now to enjoy a night with shore power and easy town access. On your way, if the weather is extremely calm and you’re making good time, you could detour via Zannone island for a midday swim and lunch on board in its untouched setting. (This detour is optional and only in settled conditions.) Arrive Ponza by late afternoon; refuel at the Ponza dock if needed. For your last full day around the islands, choose an anchorage you loved or haven’t seen yet – e.g., anchor in Lucia Rosa bay (famous for its sea stacks and beautiful evening light) or grab a mooring at one of Ponza’s private pontoons if you want a night on the town. This evening is a good chance to have a celebratory meal in Ponza, tasting local seafood pasta and soaking up the lively harbour vibe.

Day 5: Ponza to Mainland (San Felice Circeo) – Time to begin the journey back to the mainland. In the morning, depart Ponza and set a course northeast. A nice stop on the Italian coast is San Felice Circeo (about 30 nm), an attractive port under the towering Circeo promontory. Aim to arrive by mid/late afternoon. You might find a berth in Circeo’s marina (call ahead if possible) or anchor just outside in settled weather. Enjoy an evening in San Felice Circeo – perhaps explore its quaint old town on the hill or simply relax at the marina. This stop positions you comfortably for the final short leg back.

Day 6: San Felice Circeo to Nettuno – It’s a short hop of ~20 nm along the coast back to Nettuno, so you can have a leisurely morning. Depart Circeo late morning and sail past the sandy beaches and little towns. You might stop for lunch at anchor off the beach by Anzio (keeping outside the swimming zones) or just do a continuous sail. Arrive Nettuno Marina by mid-afternoon, giving time to refuel and return the boat to base by late afternoon (most charters require the yacht back on the penultimate day). Spend your final evening in Nettuno, perhaps dining in the medieval quarter adjacent to the marina – a charming end to the voyage.

Day 7: Disembarkation in Nettuno – Check out with the charter company in the morning (usually by 9 or 10 am), and depart for home or onward travel.

This itinerary covers the main highlights: Ponza’s diversions, Palmarola’s beauty, Ventotene’s tranquility, and even some mainland sights. Total distance sailed is roughly 130–150 nm, with a mix of open-water sailing and shorter island hops. It’s balanced to avoid rushing, but always consider weather – e.g., if a strong wind is forecast on Day 5, you might leave Ponza a day earlier or later. Flexibility is key.

4-Day Long-Weekend Itinerary (Procida to Pontine Islands)

For those starting in the Bay of Naples area (Procida/Ischia) with a shorter time frame, here’s an intensive 4-day plan to sample the Pontines:

• Day 1: Procida to Ventotene & Ponza – Cast off from Procida early and sail ~18 nm to Ventotene. Moor or anchor at Ventotene for lunch, giving you time to see the Roman harbour and have a swim. Mid-afternoon, sail on to Ponza (~21 nm). You’ll arrive in Ponza by evening; anchor in a safe bay (Frontone or Chiaia di Luna) for the night.
• Day 2: Ponza & Palmarola – Spend the morning enjoying Ponza: explore a couple of nearby coves by boat or dinghy (perhaps the Green Grotto or Arco Naturale). After lunch, sail 5 nm to Palmarola. Laze the afternoon away anchored at Palmarola, swimming and snorkelling. By late afternoon, return to Ponza and either anchor or take a berth if available. Evening in Ponza town to experience its dining scene or waterfront stroll.
• Day 3: Ponza to Ischia – Depart Ponza early for the 35 nm sail back towards the Naples area. If winds allow, you could route via Ventotene for a short stop or simply aim straight for Ischia (the large island near Procida). Arrive Ischia by late afternoon. Relax at a marina (Casamicciola or Forio, for example) and perhaps enjoy Ischia’s famous thermal baths to soothe any tired sea muscles.
• Day 4: Ischia to Procida – It’s a quick 6–8 nm hop from Ischia back to Procida in the morning to return your boat (or your starting base). You’ll be back by mid-day for check-out.

This compressed itinerary is ambitious and assumes good weather and a keen crew, but it lets you taste Ventotene and Ponza in a long weekend, along with the home comforts of Procida/Ischia. Adjust as needed (for instance, skip Ventotene stop on Day 1 if time is tight and go direct to Ponza).

Note: Always tailor itineraries to your own pace. Some prefer fewer stops and more time soaking in one place, while others like to see as much as possible. The Pontines allow for either approach. And if you’re unsure about distances or conditions, err on the side of caution – there’s no harm in spending an extra night on Ponza or heading to the mainland a bit early if it means sailing safely and comfortably.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q1: When is the best time of year to sail the Pontine Islands?
A: The prime season is summer, from June through early September, when weather is warm and generally stable. July and August have hot sunny days, warm water, and steady light-to-moderate winds, but they are also the busiest and most expensive months. June and September can be ideal if you prefer slightly fewer crowds: the weather is still very good (just a touch cooler, which can be pleasant) and most tourist services are running. May and October are shoulder months – you might get some beautiful days, but the risk of unsettled weather (rain showers, stronger winds) is higher, and not all facilities on the islands will be open (many seasonal businesses close by mid-September). That said, an experienced sailor could enjoy late spring or early autumn sailing with a careful eye on forecasts. The winter off-season (November through April) is not recommended for casual cruising: weather can be cold, wet, and windy, and virtually all tourist infrastructure on the islands shuts down. So in summary, mid-May to mid-October is the sailing window, with July–August being the peak of perfect weather and activity, and June or September offering a nice balance of good weather with a bit more tranquility.

Q2: What qualifications do I need to charter a yacht there?
A: For a bareboat charter (you skipper the boat yourself) in Italy, you’ll need a valid skipper’s license and a VHF radio operator’s license. The most commonly accepted is the ICC (International Certificate of Competence) or equivalent national qualification. For example, RYA Day Skipper (with ICC validation) or higher is accepted, as are ASA 104 Bareboat certifications or national licenses like the Italian “Patente Nautica”. Additionally, Italian law requires that someone on board (usually the skipper) have a VHF radio license (Short Range Certificate). Charter companies will ask to see your original documents. If you don’t have these, your option is to book a skippered charter (where a professional skipper comes with the boat). For crewed charters, passengers don’t need any qualifications – the crew handles that. It’s also worth noting that if you want to charter a powerboat, a powerboat license is required (sailing licenses often cover it, but check). Always confirm with the charter company exactly what paperwork they need – some may accept alternative credentials, but having an ICC (or national equivalent) plus SRC is the surest way to meet requirements.

Q3: Are the Pontine Islands suitable for beginner sailors?
A: As a bareboat skipper, a complete beginner would likely find the Pontine Islands challenging due to the open sea crossing from the mainland and the busy moorings. It’s not the very easiest sailing area (somewhere like Croatia’s inland waters or a lake might be easier for a first-timer). However, a beginner can still enjoy sailing here by either hiring a skipper or joining a flotilla/crew with more experienced sailors. If you’re a novice who has just bareboat-qualified, you might consider doing a shorter trip first or going with someone more experienced on board before tackling the Pontines on your own. Once you have a bit of tidal/coastal sailing and Med mooring practice, the Pontines can be a great next step. So, suitable for beginners as crew, but not recommended for a first bareboat command. For intermediate and up, it’s a delightful area.

Q4: What are the options for getting to the Pontine Islands?
A: The Pontine Islands have no airports, so you reach them by boat or ferry. If you’re chartering, you’ll likely start from a mainland port. Common charter bases are Nettuno (south of Rome) if coming from the north, or Procida/Naples if coming from the south. To get to Nettuno, one can take a train or car from Rome (about 1-2 hours). To get to Procida/Ischia, you’d typically fly or take a train to Naples, then a ferry or hydrofoil (about 1 hour) to those islands. Ferries/hydrofoils run to Ponza and Ventotene from several mainland towns: for Ponza, main ferry links are from Anzio, Formia, Terracina; for Ventotene, from Formia or Naples (in summer). So if meeting crew, they could take a ferry to Ponza from Anzio (for example) to join you. But in most cases, you’ll **sail to Q4: How do I reach the Pontine Islands or my charter base?
A: Since the Pontine Islands don’t have airports, you’ll travel via the mainland. Most sailors will begin their trip from a mainland marina or nearby island base and then sail to the Pontines. Common departure points include Nettuno (a marina south of Rome) for northern approach or Procida/Ischia (islands in the Bay of Naples) for southern approach. To get to Nettuno, you can fly into Rome and take a train or taxi (about 1–2 hours). To get to Procida or Ischia, fly or train to Naples, then catch a ferry/hydrofoil (about an hour) to those islands where many charter companies operate. If you intend to meet your charter yacht directly in the Pontine Islands (say you have a crew change or are joining someone already sailing), there are seasonal ferries and hydrofoils to Pon Q4: How do I reach the Pontine Islands or my charter base?
A: Since the Pontine Islands don’t have airports, you’ll travel via the mainland. Most sailors begin from a mainland marina or nearby island base and then sail to the Pontines. Common departure points include Nettuno (a marina south of Rome) for a northern approach, or Procida/Ischia (islands in the Bay of Naples) for a southern approach. To reach Nettuno, fly into Rome and take a train or car (about 1–2 hours) to the marina. To reach Procida or Ischia, fly or train to Naples, then catch a ferry/hydrofoil (around 1 hour) to those islands where many charter companies have bases. There are also seasonal ferries and hydrofoils directly to Ponza and Ventotene from mainland towns like Anzio, Formia, and Naples, which can be useful if crew members are joining or leaving mid-trip. For example, one could ferry from Anzio to Ponza to meet the yacht. However, generally you’ll pick up your charter yacht on the mainland (or Procida) and then sail to the Pontines as part of your itinerary.

Q5: How crowded do the harbours and anchorages get in summer?
A: In July and August, expect very high demand. Ponza’s Porto can be completely full, with boats sometimes rafted two-deep on the pontoons and dozens more anchored outside the harbour. On peak weekends in August, every cove around Ponza might have a cluster of boats. You might see 50–100 yachts anchored in spots like Frontone Bay or Chiaia di Luna during the day. Ventotene is quieter, but its small size means it fills up too – the few berths in the old/new harbour are often all taken by afternoon, and a handful of boats anchor outside. Palmarola by day can have many boats at popular swim times, but by evening most day-trippers depart and only cruising yachts remain (usually a manageable number). If you crave solitude, June or September are much less busy. During those times, harbours have more space (though weekends can still be lively) and you might find yourself one of just a few boats in an anchorage. The key is, in high season arrive early: plan to get into harbours by late morning or around lunchtime when some overnight boats leave, and pick anchorage spots mid-afternoon before the evening rush. Also, having a flexible plan (willing to anchor if no berths, or vice versa) will reduce stress. Despite the crowds, the atmosphere is generally convivial; just be prepared for a bit of competition for the prime spots in peak summer.

Q6: Are mooring buoys available or is it all anchoring/med-mooring?
A: Generally, mooring buoys are not a big feature of the Pontine Islands for yachts. You’ll either anchor or med-moor in a harbour. Ponza doesn’t have public mooring fields – the moorings that exist tend to be privately laid for local boats or specific tour operators. Ventotene similarly doesn’t offer mooring buoys for visiting yachts (you either anchor or go into the harbour). In some Italian marine reserves, mooring buoys are set up to protect the seabed; for example, Ventotene’s reserve has a few for dive boats in certain zones, but not really for overnight yacht use. So in practice, plan to use your anchor when not in a marina. If you happen to find an unused buoy, treat it with caution – unless it’s clearly marked for visitors and well-maintained, you’d be trusting unknown gear. Occasionally, around Ponza’s popular bays, locals might rent out moorings on a daily basis in peak season (they’ll often approach you if so), but quality varies. The safest assumption is no reliable moorings – be ready to anchor or head into a harbour.

Q7: Will I find water, fuel, and provisions easily on the islands?
A: Fuel: Ponza has a fuel station on the main quay (note its shallow depth – larger yachts might need jerry cans or to wait for high tide). It can be busy in the mornings with local boats, so plan accordingly (early or off-peak hours). Ventotene doesn’t have a standard fuel dock, but diesel can be arranged via a mini-tanker truck at Porto Nuovo if you call ahead. It’s wise to start with a full tank from the mainland to avoid needing fuel until you return. Water: Both Ponza and Ventotene have limited fresh water supplies (water is actually shipped in by tanker boat). In Ponza, you can refill water tanks from the marina pontoons, but in high summer it might be rationed or at specific times – check with the ormeggiatori. In Ventotene, water taps exist on the quay but again supply is limited; you might have to be sparing or coordinate with the yacht club. Many sailors top up water on the mainland prior to heading out. Provisions: Ponza is well-served for groceries. There are small supermarkets, fruit and veg stalls, bakeries, and even a fish market in the early morning. Prices are a bit higher than mainland but not outrageous. Ventotene has one or two mini-markets where you can buy basics (bread, pasta, produce, etc.), adequate for restocking mid-week. Don’t expect large supermarkets or great variety – it’s more corner-shop style. Palmarola and Zannone, being uninhabited, have no supplies at all. So plan to be self-sufficient when visiting those (stock up on food, and have plenty of drinking water aboard). Dining ashore: Ponza has many restaurants, from pizzerias to upscale seafood places – a nice treat if you want a night off cooking on board (reservations recommended in August). Ventotene has a handful of family-run trattorias and cafes – low-key but good food (often featuring local fish and lentils). Palmarola, as mentioned, has two very rustic seasonal eateries at Cala del Porto (cash only, and sometimes need to call ahead via cell since they have limited food). In summary, you can find essentials on the islands, but do your main shopping before departure if possible, and carry extra water for the quieter spots.

Q8: Is there mobile phone coverage and Wi-Fi in the Pontine Islands?
A: Yes, generally the mobile phone signal is quite good around the islands, though it may weaken in remote coves. Ponza has cell towers, so you’ll get 4G/5G in and around Ponza town and even in many anchorages (though possibly slower data speeds further out). Ventotene also has decent coverage around the main village area. Once you’re on the open sea between islands, your signal will drop until you get within range of the next island or the mainland towers. As for Wi-Fi, some marinas or restaurants offer free Wi-Fi, but don’t count on it being reliable or fast, especially if many tourists are connected. If connectivity is important for navigation (downloading weather, etc.), consider getting an Italian data SIM or using international roaming so you have internet via 4G. For basic calls and texts, you’ll be fine in most inhabited spots. In secluded anchorages like parts of Palmarola or Zannone’s lee, you might lose signal entirely – think of it as a digital detox opportunity until you sail a few miles and reconnect.

Q9: What about safety and medical facilities?
A: The Pontine Islands are generally safe in terms of crime – petty theft on yachts is not common, especially when you’re among respectful boating communities. Still, normal precautions apply (lock away valuables, especially if leaving your boat to hike or dine). Each island has at least a basic medical presence: Ponza has a small clinic/pharmacy and usually a doctor on duty, and Ventotene has a first aid station. For anything serious, the procedure would be evacuation to the mainland (either by fast ferry or helicopter in an extreme emergency). So, it’s wise to carry a good onboard first aid kit. The Coast Guard (dial 1530 or VHF 16) handles emergencies at sea – they are generally responsive and can coordinate rescue or medical evacuation if needed. Also note that Ponza has a decompression chamber because the area is popular with divers – a reassuring fact if any dive-related mishaps occur. In terms of sailing safety, use common sense: monitor weather forecasts, don’t underestimate the open water distances, and ensure your boat’s safety gear (lifejackets, VHF, flares, etc.) is in order. Summer sailing in the Pontines is forgiving, but it’s still a remote environment in places, so self-sufficiency is part of safe cruising.

Q10: Can I use a drone or go fishing in the Pontine Islands?
A: Drones: Recreational drone use is subject to Italian regulations. In theory, flying a small drone below 120m and within line of sight is allowed, but you must stay away from crowds and no-fly zones. Parts of the islands might be sensitive (for example, near the prison on Santo Stefano or over Ventotene’s port, which is also a coast guard base). It’s best to ask locally or err on the side of caution. Also, note that drone use might bother other visitors if done irresponsibly. Fishing: Recreational fishing with a line (rod or hand-line) is generally allowed in many areas, but there are exceptions. In the marine reserve zones (around Ventotene/Santo Stefano), fishing is restricted or forbidden (especially in Zone A and B). Around Ponza, recreational angling is common – you’ll see locals fishing for squid at night or trolling for amberjack. As a visitor, you can fish for your supper (no license is required for recreational rod/line fishing in Italy as long as it’s truly non-commercial). Spear-fishing, however, does require a license and is completely forbidden in marine protected areas. Also avoid fishing anywhere near fish farms (there are none in the Pontines themselves, but if you see any off the mainland coast). In short, casual line fishing from your boat in permitted zones is fine – just respect the no-fishing areas (check the reserve maps or ask the Coast Guard if unsure) and be mindful of sustainability (the waters have been improving thanks to protections). Many sailors enjoy trolling a line between islands – you might get lucky with a tuna or mahi mahi in late summer.

Q11: Who can I contact in an emergency, and what are the key local contacts?
A: The primary maritime emergency contact is the Italian Coast Guard (Guardia Costiera). Dial 1530 on any phone (it’s a direct emergency number, free of charge, even from non-Italian phones) or call on VHF Channel 16. They have stations on the mainland that cover the area, and often a patrol boat around Ponza in summer. For less urgent matters, each island’s port has an office: Ponza Port Authority on VHF (usually channel 16/14) or phone (the number is posted at the harbour), and Ventotene Port on VHF (16/11) or via the yacht club. For medical emergencies, 118 is the general Italian medical emergency number, but calling the Coast Guard will also get a medical evacuation rolling if at sea or on an island without a hospital. It’s also useful to have the number of your charter base to advise you if you have mechanical issues or need support. Additionally, in Ponza there is a small tourist information office near the harbour that can help with local info, and most marina offices can assist with contacting a mechanic or diver if you have a technical problem (for instance, a fouled propeller). Language-wise, the Coast Guard will usually have someone who speaks English, as will larger marina operators; for other services, a bit of Italian or a translation app can help.

Hopefully this guide has answered your key questions and given you a clear picture of sailing in the Pontine Islands. From the thrill of arriving at Ponza’s colourful harbour to the serenity of a Palmarola sunset, this region offers something special for every sailing enthusiast. Buon vento! (Fair winds!)

Sources

1. Cruising Guide – Ponza (CruisersWiki): Details on Ponza’s harbour capacity, anchorage depths, and summer conditions.
2. Cruising Guide – Ventotene (CruisersWiki): Information on Ventotene’s harbours (Porto Vecchio/Nuovo), prevailing winds, and anchoring advice.
3. Navily Blog – Pontine Islands Cruise: Descriptions of popular anchorages like Cala Lucia Rosa and overall island ambience in peak season.
4. Sundowners Yacht Club (Trip Report 2023): Notes on summer winds (SW–SE sea breezes F2–5) and September weather averages for the Pontine area.
5. The Moorings – Procida Itinerary: Suggested anchorages and mooring tips for Ponza, Ventotene, and Palmarola (e.g., “no moorings available, many anchorages – choose by wind”).
6. Italy Charter Magazine – Pontine Tips: Italian article highlighting that best charter bases are Nettuno (35 NM away) and Naples (60 NM) and scenic highlights only reachable by boat.
7. Catamaran Charter Italy – Regulations: Outline of Italian requirements for skippers (ICC needed beyond 6 miles offshore, etc.) and notes on limited marina berths in summer.
8. YBW Forum – Italy Anchoring Regulations: Community summary of Italian coastal rules (anchoring distances from shore and beaches, speed limits near swim areas, etc.).
9. Italian Coast Guard Notices: Local rules and marine reserve maps for Ventotene/S. Stefano (anchorage and fishing zone restrictions).
10. Local Knowledge (Sailors’ Forums & Blogs): Various sailors’ firsthand accounts of Pontine Island itineraries, which guided recommendations for itineraries, must-see spots, and cautions.