Sailing in the Bahamas

Sailing in the Bahamas: A Comprehensive Guide for Novice to Experienced Sailors

With its warm turquoise waters, gentle trade winds, and hundreds of islands to explore, Sailing in the Bahamas offers something for sailors of all ability levels. Novice sailors appreciate the line-of-sight navigation and sheltered waters behind coral reefs, while experienced skippers can challenge themselves with open-ocean passages to remote islands and navigation through shallow sandbanks.

This guide provides a comprehensive overview of what to expect when sailing in the Bahamas, from regional cruising areas and weather patterns to harbours, charter options, sample itineraries, and practical tips. We use the tone and layout of a friendly guide – breaking information into clear sections, bullet points, and tables – so you can quickly find the answers you need. Let’s set sail into the details of exploring this sailing paradise.

Regional Sailing Areas in the Bahamas

The Bahamas is often divided into distinct cruising regions. Below we outline the key areas and what sailors can expect in each.

The Abacos

The Abacos (in the Northern Bahamas) are a chain of islands including Great Abaco and Little Abaco, with a string of picturesque cays just offshore. This area is sometimes called the “Sailing Capital of the Bahamas” because of its popularity among cruisers and charterers. The Sea of Abaco, a 60-mile long protected lagoon between Great Abaco and the outlying cays, offers calm waters and easy navigation ideal for beginners.

Highlights

The Abacos offer a mix of quaint colonial towns and pristine nature:

• Marsh Harbour – The main hub on Great Abaco. It’s the third-largest town in the Bahamas and a common start/end point for charters. Marsh Harbour has full services: marinas, fuel docks, grocery stores, and an airport nearby for crew changes.
• Hope Town (Elbow Cay) – A charming settlement known for its iconic red-and-white Elbow Reef Lighthouse, built in 1863. In fact, this candy-striped lighthouse is one of the last manual kerosene-fuelled lighthouses in the world, with a light visible 23 nautical miles away. Hope Town’s harbour offers secure moorings under the lighthouse’s glow, and ashore you’ll find pastel-coloured cottages and a museum.
• Great Guana Cay – Boasts a gorgeous long beach on the ocean side and is home to famous beach bars like Nipper’s. Snorkel on the offshore reef or enjoy a sundowner with fellow sailors.
• Green Turtle Cay – Accessible via a passage around Whale Cay (more on that in Practical Considerations), Green Turtle has two snug harbours (White Sound and Black Sound). New Plymouth, the settlement on Green Turtle, is a small village of historic clapboard houses – very photogenic and welcoming. Don’t miss the chance to feed the playful pigs at nearby No Name Cay (affectionately called “Piggyville”) en route.
• Man-O-War Cay – A dry (no alcohol sale) but beautiful island known historically for boat-building. It has a peaceful village and workshops where craftsmen still build boats in traditional ways.
• Treasure Cay – Actually on Great Abaco island, it offers a marina and one of the Bahamas’ most stunning beaches (a long arc of white sand frequently voted among the world’s top beaches).

Why Sail the Abacos?

The Abacos are perfect for a relaxed cruising holiday. Distances between cays are short (often 1–2 hours sailing), so you can island-hop at leisure. The Sea of Abaco’s waters are mostly protected from ocean swell by the outlying barrier cays and reefs, ensuring gentle conditions. Navigation is mostly line-of-sight from one island to the next. First-time bareboat charterers will find the Abacos forgiving, yet still engaging – you navigate around shallow sandbanks and follow buoyed channels into harbours. The presence of many fellow cruisers and establishments means help is usually nearby and there’s a social scene (cruiser’s VHF nets, beach bar meet-ups). After Hurricane Dorian’s impact in 2019, many facilities have been rebuilt and the area is very much open, with new marinas and moorings available as of 2025.

The Exumas

Stretching for 130 miles southeast of Nassau, the Exumas are a long chain of some 360 cays renowned for their untouched beauty. This region is more remote and less developed than the Abacos, offering a true getaway. Many of the central Exuma Cays are part of the Exuma Cays Land and Sea Park, a no-take marine sanctuary preserving dazzling coral reefs, wildlife, and anchorages of unbelievable clarity.

Highlights

The Exumas’ allure is in exploration and nature:

• Nassau / New Providence – While not part of the Exumas per se, Nassau (on New Providence Island) is the typical launching point for Exumas cruises. Major charter companies have bases here (e.g. Palm Cay Marina or Nassau Yacht Haven). Nassau offers all provisioning, large marinas, and the obligatory check-in to Bahamian waters if you sailed over from Florida.
• Highbourne Cay – Often the first stop when heading into the Exumas (about 35 nm from Nassau). Highbourne has a marina and is near uninhabited Allan’s Cay, famous for endangered Bahamian rock iguanas that eagerly greet visitors on the beach. Snorkel the local reefs (like the “Octopus Garden” reef) and enjoy a meal at Highbourne’s hilltop restaurant with panoramic views.
• Warderick Wells – The headquarters of the Exuma Land & Sea Park. Moorings are available in the exquisite Horseshoe Bay – a natural channel forming a protected crescent of water so vividly blue it doesn’t seem real. Hike to Boo Boo Hill (where cruisers leave driftwood name plaques) for sweeping views. Within this park, you’ll find thriving coral, turtles, rays, and some friendly hutia (rodents) on land – all protected by the no-fishing rules.
• Staniel Cay – A must-stop mid-Exumas, Staniel Cay has a small island community and the famous Staniel Cay Yacht Club (offering fuel, docks, and convivial bar/restaurant). Just west of Staniel is Thunderball Grotto, an underwater cave system made famous by a James Bond film – it’s an amazing snorkel site teeming with fish. Nearby at Big Major Spot you can meet the amusing swimming pigs – yes, pigs that swim out to dinghies hoping for treats!
• Compass Cay – Known for its friendly nurse sharks that swim around the docks – visitors can wade in and pet these gentle sharks. Compass Cay Marina provides a safe haven and rustic charm. There’s also a natural whirlpool bath (Rachel’s Bubble Bath lagoon) reached by a short hike.
• Great Exuma (George Town) – At the southern end of the chain lies Great Exuma Island. George Town is the main settlement and a cruiser’s hub. Its Elizabeth Harbour is a huge natural harbour between Great Exuma and Stocking Island, often holding hundreds of cruising yachts in winter. It’s known as “Chicken Harbour” – the place where some sailboats decide to spend the whole season (rather than venture further). George Town offers shops, fuel, water, and an airport, plus community activities for cruisers (volleyball on the beach at Chat ’N’ Chill bar, weekly regattas, etc.).

Why Sail the Exumas?

The Exumas are often called the crown jewel of Bahamas sailing for those seeking pristine nature. The water clarity is astounding – you can often see your shadow on the sand 4–5 meters below the keel. While navigation is still mostly line-of-sight, the routes weave through shallow patches and coral heads, demanding attentiveness and visual piloting (steering by water colour to avoid coral).

Many cays have narrow “cuts” between the shallow bank (west side) and the ocean (east side) that can only be passed in settled weather. This adds a bit of challenge and timing consideration (e.g., transiting cuts at slack tide). The reward, however, is access to secluded anchorages where yours may be the only boat anchored off an empty island. The Exumas are ideal for intermediate to advanced sailors or confident beginners (perhaps with a hired local skipper for a day or two) who crave a sense of adventure and exploration beyond the crowds.

Eleuthera and Harbour Island

Eleuthera is a long, slender island east of New Providence, noted for its pink sand beaches and charming villages. Off its northern tip are Spanish Wells and Harbour Island, smaller settlements with rich history and beauty. This region is less travelled by typical bareboat charters but is beloved by private cruisers and those looking for an authentic Out Islands experience.

Highlights

• Spanish Wells – A small island settlement off the northern end of Eleuthera, Spanish Wells is a prosperous fishing town (famous for its lobster fleet). The harbour at Spanish Wells is well protected and has marinas and services for yachts. It’s a convenient stop if sailing from the Abacos or Nassau towards Eleuthera.
• Harbour Island – Accessible via a shallow, coral-strewn route called “Devil’s Backbone”, Harbour Island (next to Eleuthera) often requires hiring a local pilot to guide your boat safely through the reefs. Once there, you find Dunmore Town, an elegant 18th-century-style town with bougainvillea-lined streets and upscale boutiques. Harbour Island’s claim to fame is its Pink Sand Beach, a three-mile stretch of pale rosy sand often ranked among the best beaches in the world.
• Eleuthera’s Anchorages – Eleuthera Island itself offers a few good harbours. Notably, Hatchet Bay (near Alice Town, central Eleuthera) is an exceptionally protected natural harbour – essentially a lake accessed by a narrow cut in the limestone cliffs. Sailors enter a man-made cut barely 90 feet wide into calm Hatchet Bay, where moorings or anchoring are available in tranquil waters encircled by hills. Further south, Rock Sound is a large, mostly sheltered bay with a friendly town where one can reprovision. Governor’s Harbour (the main town) has a small marina dock and anchorage with poor protection (open to the west). If conditions are fair, it’s a lovely stop to visit a colonial-era town and perhaps the nearby Friday night fish fry event.

Why Sail Eleuthera?

This area is for the more adventurous or experienced cruiser or those on longer itineraries. Eleuthera has fewer navigation aids and services than Abaco or Exuma. The routes often require coastal sailing on the Atlantic side of the island (which can be rough in strong easterly winds) or careful timing to pass through cuts. However, the effort is rewarded by relatively untouched destinations. You’ll experience true Bahamian family-island culture, far from mass tourism.

It’s also a strategic route: many sailors heading further south (to the Caribbean) will stop at Eleuthera or Spanish Wells after the Abacos, before moving on to Exuma or Turks & Caicos.

Bimini and the Berry Islands

Bimini and the Berry Islands lie in the western part of the Bahamas, fairly close to Florida. These are often first landfalls for private boats crossing over from the U.S., and they offer their own unique cruising grounds on a smaller scale.

Bimini

Bimini consists of two main islands (North & South Bimini) just 50 miles east of Miami. Ernest Hemingway once frequented Bimini, drawn by its world-class sport fishing. For sailors, North Bimini’s Alice Town features several marinas (and a customs/immigration check-in point at the government dock). Bimini has a laid-back town with a mix of resorts and local flavour – you can visit the Dolphin House Museum or snorkel over the mysterious “Bimini Road” stones. Navigation into Bimini is via a well-marked channel through the reef to North Bimini docks. Bimini’s appeal is as a convenient stop to rest and clear customs after the Gulf Stream crossing. The sailing area itself is small, but you can enjoy beaches and perhaps a short sail south to Cat Cay (a private island) or explore some reefs.

The Berry Islands

The Berries are a sparsely populated chain of about 30 cays halfway between Bimini and Nassau. They are sometimes called “The Fishbowl of the Bahamas” for the excellent fishing and marine life in their waters. Only a few islands have settlements:

• Great Harbour Cay – the largest Berry island, with a good marina nestled in a sheltered basin (often considered a hurricane hole). Great Harbour Cay Marina has fuel, water and a friendly community of boaters. Nearby are gorgeous deserted beaches (check out Shelling Beach) and a dramatic cavern called the Sugar Beach Caves.
• Chub Cay – at the southern tip of the Berry chain, Chub Cay has a marina and is another port of entry (with customs). Chub is a frequent stop for yachts transiting between Florida and Nassau/Exumas. It’s known for deep-sea fishing (at the edge of the Tongue of the Ocean) and has a luxury resort atmosphere at the marina. There’s an airstrip and customs office here.
• Others: Most Berry islands are uninhabited, but popular anchorages include Hoffman’s Cay (where you can dinghy in to a blue hole lagoon hidden in the island’s interior) and Flo’s Conch Bar on Little Harbour Cay (a quirky, very remote restaurant/bar where you radio ahead your food order to owner Chester).

Why Sail the Berrys?

The Berry Islands offer solitude and unspoiled nature. Sailors who enjoy getting off the grid will love the quiet anchorages where you might be one of just a handful of boats. There are extensive coral reefs and drop-offs for those who enjoy snorkeling, diving, or fishing. Given their location, the Berrys often feature in passage plans: for example, a typical route might be Bimini -> Berry Islands (Chub Cay) -> Nassau. So they are perfect for a “stepping-stone” cruise or as part of a longer itinerary. Navigating around the Berrys is straightforward in good light, but be aware of shallow sandbanks extending from many cays – careful chart reading is required.

Far Out Islands (Inagua, Mayaguana and Others)

The “Far Out” islands refer to the far-flung southern and eastern islands of The Bahamas, which are remote and infrequently visited by most cruising sailors. This includes islands like Great Inagua, Mayaguana, Acklins & Crooked Island, Ragged Island (and the Jumentos Cays), and San Salvador. These destinations are for expeditionary cruising – typically experienced crews on longer voyages (for instance, heading to or from the Caribbean).

Highlights

• Great Inagua – The southernmost large island, only 55 miles from Cuba’s eastern tip. Matthew Town on Great Inagua is a port of entry with customs. Inagua is famous for its massive salt flats and a national park hosting 80,000 West Indian flamingos. Yachts anchor off Matthew Town or seek minimal shelter behind offshore reefs – there are limited facilities (fuel may be available, water via reverse osmosis plant, but very basic). It’s a nature lover’s stop: bird-watchers and those intrigued by salt salinas will find it interesting.
• Mayaguana – Way out in the southeast, Mayaguana sees perhaps only a few dozen cruising boats a year. It offers superb stargazing, uninhabited cays, and quiet fishing villages. Abraham’s Bay on the south side is the main anchorage and entry point (though it’s a very shallow bay – deeper-draft boats anchor a long way out). It’s an adventure just to reach these waters, often requiring careful planning around weather and plenty of self-sufficiency.
• The Jumentos Cays & Ragged Island – A chain of small cays running southwest from Long Island towards Cuba. These are off the normal path – think of them as the Bahamian frontier. There’s one tiny settlement, Duncan Town on Ragged Island, which was hit hard by a 2017 hurricane. Cruisers who venture here must be self-reliant (no services), but they rave about the untouched diving, abundance of seafood (lobster and conch), and the camaraderie of the few boats that make it down each season.
• Acklins & Crooked Island – Two large, sparsely populated islands encircling the Bight of Acklins (a vast shallow lagoon). There are a handful of small settlements and a modest amount of cruiser traffic. At Atwood Harbour (Acklins) or Pittstown (Crooked Island) you’ll find quiet anchorages steeped in history (this area saw Columbus’s ship Santa Maria wreck on a nearby reef). A notable stop is Fish Cay where ruins of an old plantation can be explored.
• San Salvador – Allegedly the first landfall of Columbus in 1492, San Salvador is isolated to the east. There is a small marina at Riding Rock and a handful of anchorages around the island. It’s known for clear deep water and historical monuments marking Columbus’s landing. Many round-the-world sailors stop here en route to or from Bermuda due to its eastern location.

Why (or Why Not) Sail Far Out

These remote islands are beyond the normal charter circuit – you wouldn’t typically include them in a one or two-week holiday charter. Rather, they are destinations for long-term cruisers or those deliberately seeking isolation and a wilderness experience. The sailing here demands experience: you must handle open ocean legs (often 60+ nm between islands, sometimes against prevailing winds), lack of nearby assistance, and scant navigation aids (explorer charts and GPS are a must). Those who venture to the Far Out islands often do so in convoy with other boats for safety.

If you are an experienced sailor craving to see the “real Bahamas” untouched by tourism, these islands offer that in abundance. You’ll come away with stories of self-reliance and pristine nature that few others share. Always ensure your boat and crew are well-prepared for bluewater conditions and check in with Bahamas authorities (many of these islands have Royal Bahamas Defence Force outposts or island administrators to register with).

Weather and Winds

Understanding Bahamian weather and seasonal patterns is key to planning a safe and enjoyable sailing trip. The good news is that the Bahamas enjoys a generally warm, pleasant climate year-round, but there are important seasonal variations and weather events to consider.

Seasonal Weather Patterns

The Bahamas has a subtropical to tropical climate with two main seasons:

Summer (Wet/Hurricane Season)

Lasts from June through November. This period is hot and humid, with daytime highs around 30–34 °C and nighttime lows around 21–24 °C. Summer brings prevailing warm tropical air masses from the south. Rainfall is higher in summer, often in the form of brief but intense thunderstorms or squalls. The wettest months are May–June and again September–October, often seeing afternoon showers followed by clear skies. Summer is also the hurricane season (more on that below).

Winter (Dry Season)

Lasts from December through April. Winter is drier and a bit cooler, as occasional cold fronts (locally called “northers”) reach down from North America. Daytime temperatures in winter range from about 25 °C on pleasant days to as low as 15 °C on a cool morning. It rarely, if ever, freezes in the Bahamas (snow is virtually unknown aside from a freak incident in Freeport in 1977). Skies are often sunny, and humidity is lower than in summer. Most of the time, winter weather is very comfortable for sailing – warm days, cool nights. However, when a cold front passes, it can bring a few days of strong north or northeast winds and squally weather before clearing.

Hurricane Season

Officially June 1 to November 30 is hurricane season in the region. Within that, the Bahamas historically sees most hurricane activity between July and October. These tropical storms are the major weather risk, potentially bringing dangerous winds and seas if one strikes. Many sailors avoid cruising the Bahamas during the peak of hurricane season (especially August-September). If you do sail in summer, you must have a strict eye on tropical weather forecasts and a plan for safe refuge or evacuation if a storm threatens.

Note that direct hits are infrequent in any given spot, but even glancing blows can bring 40–50 knot squalls. Also, late-season hurricanes (e.g. October or even early November) have impacted the region in the past.

Prevailing Winds and Sailing Conditions

The prevailing winds in the Bahamas are dictated by the nearby trade winds and seasonal shifts.

Trade Winds

The Bahamas lie in the zone of the Northeast Trades. For much of the year, winds blow from the east (ranging NE to SE). According to climatology, winds are predominantly easterly year-round, averaging around 10–15 knots. In the winter dry season, winds more often have a northerly component (ENE to NE) especially when high pressure builds in after a cold front. In summer, winds tend to be ESE to SE and can be lighter on average except during squalls.

Fronts and Northerlies

In winter, passing cold fronts can temporarily shift winds to the southwest, then northwest to north after the front, often increasing in strength (20–30 knots in a strong “Christmas winds” scenario). These northerly wind episodes might occur every week or two and last a couple of days, bringing cooler air and rougher seas on Atlantic-facing coasts. They usually subside quickly as the front moves off and trades resume from the NE.

Calms

There can be periods of very light wind, especially in late spring or summer “weather windows.” Motoring might be required at times if you’re on a schedule, but many sailors relish a calm morning and a gentle sea breeze in the afternoon.

Sea State

The shallow banks of the Bahamas mean that within the bank waters, waves are limited by depth – choppy conditions can occur with wind over tide, but you won’t get large swells in the banks. Outside on the ocean sides, the Atlantic swell can be significant (especially if wind has been blowing on it for days). In open passages (like between islands or crossing the Gulf Stream from Florida), expect a short chop when winds oppose currents (e.g., north wind against the Gulf Stream can stack up uncomfortable waves). Generally, inside routes are smooth, while ocean passages require more attention to weather timing.

Best Times to Sail

The best time to sail the Bahamas is during the late fall, winter, and early spring months. In fact, one charter company notes: “The sailing season in the Bahamas runs from November through April, making it the ideal time to set sail”. During this period, you’ll enjoy warm but not sweltering temperatures, relatively low humidity, and the least rainfall. Daytime highs might be in the mid to upper 20s °C (70s °F), and water temperatures are comfortable for swimming (~24–27 °C). Additionally, this timeframe aligns with many cruisers’ schedules to avoid hurricanes – insurance companies often have restrictions outside these months.

Note: Mid-Season Events. Winter also features fun local events like the George Town Cruising Regatta (usually in February/March) and the National Family Island Regatta in Exuma (April) which bring together Bahamian sloop sailboat races and festivities. Such events can be a highlight of a Bahamas voyage, adding a cultural touch to your trip.

Shoulder Seasons

The shoulder months of November and April-May can also be excellent – slightly fewer crowds than peak winter, and still generally good weather. Late spring (May) gets warmer and more unsettled but is before hurricanes ramp up. If you’re willing to chance a bit more heat and a possible early-season storm, summer (June–August) offers very low charter rates and quiet anchorages. Some sailors do cruise in summer, focusing on shorter-term weather windows, and enjoy isolation; just recognize you’re in hurricane season and have contingency plans.

Harbours and Anchorages

One of the pleasures of Bahamas sailing is the abundance of beautiful harbours and anchorages. You can tie up in a full-service marina one night, then anchor off an uninhabited cay the next. Below, we highlight notable marinas, natural harbours, and the availability of services like customs clearance across the islands.

Notable Marinas

While the Bahamas are not as densely packed with marinas as some destinations (like the Mediterranean), there are several key marinas that serve as important cruising waypoints or charter bases. Here are some of the notable marinas by region:

• Nassau (New Providence Island): As the capital, Nassau has multiple marinas:
  • Nassau Yacht Haven – A centrally located marina near downtown, popular for transient yachts.
  • Palm Cay Marina – A marina on the southeast side of New Providence, often used as a charter base (with quick access to Exuma cuts). Offers fuel, restaurant, beach club.
  • Bay Street Marina – A newer marina near Paradise Island.
  • Atlantis Marina – A luxury marina at Paradise Island, famous for its resort amenities (water park, aquarium). Pricey, but an experience on its own.
• Abacos:
  • Abaco Beach Resort and Boat Harbour Marina (Marsh Harbour) – This was the Moorings/Sunsail charter base (reopened post-Dorian) and remains the largest marina in the Abacos. It has extensive docks, fuel, water, and an adjoining resort.
  • Treasure Cay Marina – Located within a sheltered harbour, it was partially damaged in 2019 but is operational again for docking. Close to the famous beach.
  • Green Turtle Club & Bluff House (Green Turtle Cay) – Two marina-resorts in White Sound, Green Turtle Cay. Each provides dockage, moorings, fuel (at Bluff House), dining, etc., in a very scenic setting.
  • Harbour Village Marina (Man-O-War Cay) – A small marina on a very boat-oriented cay (Man-O-War is known for boat-building heritage).
  • Hope Town Inn & Marina (Elbow Cay) – Offers slips in Hope Town (just outside the mooring field), plus there are moorings inside Hope Town maintained by local providers.
• Exumas:
  • Highbourne Cay Marina – The first marina heading down the Exuma chain; limited slips but nicely maintained. Good spot for fuel and water before heading further south.
  • Compass Cay Marina – Quaint marina where nurse sharks swim around the docks. Limited power/water capacity but very picturesque.
  • Staniel Cay Yacht Club – Iconic stop for boaters. Has a handful of docks (max ~10 boats) and moorings. Fuel and water available. The social hub of mid-Exumas.
  • Samson Cay (private) – Was once a marina, now a private island closed to public operations (no services).
  • Emerald Bay Marina (Great Exuma) – A full-service, large marina just north of George Town, run by a Sandals resort. Often offers great off-season rates and a safe haven if leaving a boat for a while. Deep entrance channel and all amenities (fuel, water, laundry, showers, grocery shuttle).
  • George Town – Government Dock and a small marina facility in town for short stays; mostly people anchor out in Elizabeth Harbour and dinghy ashore for services.
• Eleuthera & Surroundings:
  • Spanish Wells Yacht Haven – A marina with slips for visitors in Spanish Wells. Offers fuel, water, a pool, and a restaurant. A great base for exploring Eleuthera’s north.
  • Romora Bay & Valentines Marina (Harbour Island) – These marinas at Harbour Island cater to yachts that come via the Devil’s Backbone route (often larger yachts). Upscale facilities serving the luxury market, but also welcoming transient sailors who make the trip.
  • Cape Eleuthera Marina – At Eleuthera’s southwestern end, near Powell Point. A convenient stop if coming up from the Exumas to Eleuthera or vice versa. It’s somewhat isolated but has fuel and some services.
  • Hatchet Bay – Not a marina, but worth mentioning here: Hatchet Bay on Eleuthera has moorings and a government dock. Yachts can tie alongside the dock briefly for water or provisions in Alice Town.
• Bimini:
  • Alice Town Marinas: Several options such as Blue Water Marina, Bimini Big Game Club, and Resorts World Bimini (which is actually on North Bimini and nearby artificial islands with a casino resort). All can accommodate sailboats, with Big Game Club being historic and centrally located (plus has a pool, bar and dive shop).
  • Cat Cay Yacht Club: A private members-only marina on Cat Cay (south of Bimini). Sometimes members or reciprocal yacht club members can use it. If not, most cruisers stick to North Bimini.
• Berry Islands:
  • Great Harbour Cay Marina – As mentioned, very protected basin. It’s a cruiser favourite for waiting out a blow. Has a friendly community and basic provisions, plus stunning beaches a short walk away.
  • Chub Cay Marina – A modern marina catering to sportfishermen and yachts at the southern tip of the Berrys. It has customs clearance, a small airport, and upscale facilities (pricey, but a safe stop between Nassau and Florida).
• Others:
  • Freeport (Grand Bahama) – Lucayan Marina Village and Port Lucaya are options if visiting Freeport/Grand Bahama area, though many sailors bypass Grand Bahama for the more pristine islands.
  • West End (Grand Bahama) – Old Bahama Bay Marina is a port of entry and convenient if you crossed from Florida near West Palm Beach. A pleasant resort marina to rest up after Gulf Stream crossing.
  • Long Island: There’s a marina at Stella Maris (north Long Island) and fuel docks at Salt Pond. Long Island isn’t heavily visited by short-term charters but is on the cruiser circuit.
  • Cat Island, Andros, etc: Mostly these islands have government docks or small harbours but no large marinas.

As you can see, marinas are scattered throughout the Bahamas. It’s wise to plan stops at marinas periodically to refuel, refill water, and enjoy shore amenities, but you’ll likely spend many nights at anchor or on moorings given the natural beauty everywhere.

Natural Harbours and Protected Bays

The Bahamas is blessed with numerous natural harbours – indentations in the islands or behind reefs where boats can find calm waters. Here are some noteworthy natural harbours and anchorages (many of which rival marinas as preferred overnight spots):

• Marsh Harbour (Abaco): A large natural harbour open to the Sea of Abaco but mostly sheltered by cays. Depths are good for anchoring. Many cruisers anchor off Marsh Harbour town if marina space is unavailable, as holding is decent. It’s a bit choppy in strong winds but convenient to dinghy into town docks.
• Hope Town Harbour (Elbow Cay, Abaco): A small bowl of a harbour entered through a narrow channel. It’s essentially full of mooring buoys (managed by locals, available for nightly fee ~$20-30). It’s very protected from all sides (except maybe some surge in extreme conditions) – one of the prettiest hurricane holes with the lighthouse overhead.
• Little Harbour (Abaco): At the southern end of Great Abaco, Little Harbour is a near landlocked cove (entrance channel has shallow spots ~1.5m at low tide). Inside is calm and scenic – home to an artist colony and Pete’s Pub (a beach bar and art gallery). Moorings are available and anchoring room is limited. This is a great stop when exploring Abaco’s less visited spots.
• George Town’s Elizabeth Harbour (Exumas): Mentioned earlier, this huge bay can host fleets of boats. It’s protected from the ocean by Stocking Island, but open to the west winds somewhat. Plenty of room to anchor off Stocking Island’s beaches or off Georgetown town. Many boats spend entire seasons here because it’s so well-protected and social.
• Warderick Wells (Exuma Land & Sea Park): Mooring field only (to protect the coral), but extremely protected from surge and nearly all wind directions when you’re tucked in the north mooring field. The water is so clear you’ll feel like you’re floating in air above the sand.
• Cambridge Cay (Exuma Land & Sea Park): Another mooring field behind a reef and cays, offering 360° protection and incredible views. Limited spaces, but if you get one, it’s calm and beautiful.
• Staniel Cay Anchorages: Off Big Majors Spot (Pig Beach) just north of Staniel Cay, there is a very popular anchorage. It’s protected from prevailing E/SE winds, but open north and west. Boats anchor here to visit the swimming pigs and Staniel Cay (a quick dinghy ride around the point to Staniel’s docks). Another anchorage is between Staniel and Fowl Cay (the “Thunderball Grotto” area) – good in settled conditions.
• Rock Sound (Eleuthera): A broad bay open to the west but protected from north through southeast. It’s big enough to handle any number of boats. Holding is generally good in sand. Ashore, the settlement of Rock Sound has stores and a friendly vibe.
• Clarence Town (Long Island): Two large natural bays (North Harbour and South Harbour) separated by a tombolo. They offer decent shelter except from certain angles, and the scenery with two church spires ashore is charming. A small marina at Flying Fish Marina exists in one bay, but many anchor outside.
• West End (Grand Bahama): Not a natural harbour per se (the marina is the main refuge), but north of the West End point there is an anchorage on the Little Bahama Bank side that some use to stage for departures to Florida when the marina is full or if arriving after hours.
• Crooked Island (Pittstown Point): A lesser-known gem: an anchorage behind a reef off northwest Crooked Island that can provide surprisingly calm conditions in prevailing easterlies, with beautiful reefs nearby.

And the list goes on – one could write a book on Bahamas anchorages. Key points to remember:

• Holding: Many Bahamian anchorages have a sand bottom with good holding for a well-set plough or scoop anchor. However, some have grassy or hard bottoms (limestone) – always check that your anchor is well-set. The clear water often allows you to snorkel and visually inspect your anchor.
• Moorings: Where available, moorings can be convenient, but do inquire or inspect the condition of the pennant and upkeep. In popular spots (Hope Town, Exuma Park, etc.), they are well-maintained. In less frequented places, a mooring might just be a private ball – use at your own risk if not sure of its integrity.
• Crowding: During peak season, the busiest anchorages (like Georgetown or Hopetown) can get crowded. Arrive earlier in the day to secure a spot and always have a Plan B anchorage if one location is full or if the wind shifts.

Local Services and Customs Facilities

When cruising, knowing where you can get fuel, water, provisions, and how to clear customs is crucial. Here’s a breakdown of services and entry points:

Fuel and Water

• Available at most marinas mentioned above (Nassau, Abaco Beach Resort, Treasure Cay, Spanish Wells Yacht Haven, etc.) and some smaller fuel docks. In the Exumas, fuel is available at Nassau, Highbourne Cay, Staniel Cay, and George Town. In the far Out Islands, fuel may be only via drum or limited supply (plan long-range or carry jerry jugs if heading that way).
• Water often comes from reverse osmosis plants and can be pricey by the gallon. In many out islands, rainwater catchment is common and fresh water is precious. Fill up water tanks when you have the chance at larger marinas. Also consider carrying a watermaker or extra containers if you’ll anchor out for extended periods.
• Cooking gas (propane) refills are available at Nassau (and sometimes Marsh Harbour or Georgetown with prior arrangement). Plan ahead for cooking fuel, as you might need to find a hardware store or depot.

Provisioning (Groceries)

• Nassau has large supermarkets (Super Value, Solomon’s, Fresh Market) similar to US/Europe stocked with all items – do a big shop here if you can.
• Marsh Harbour likewise has Maxwell’s supermarket, well-stocked for most needs, plus a few smaller grocers.
• George Town (Exuma) has a few grocery stores (Exuma Markets is the main one) – adequate for basics and fresh produce on the mail boat arrival days.
• Spanish Wells stores are surprisingly good given the small size of the town (reflecting the relative affluence of the community).
• Smaller cays (Staniel Cay, Green Turtle, etc.) have tiny general stores – you can find basics like canned goods, eggs, bread, maybe fresh vegetables right after the supply boat comes. Expect higher prices and limited selection (e.g., one type of milk or cereal).
• Prices: Goods, especially imported items, can be expensive (often 50-100% higher than US prices) due to shipping costs – e.g., a box of crackers might cost $7–$9. Budget accordingly or bring specialty items with you. Buying local produce or fish/lobster from fishermen can sometimes be a treat and support the community.

Customs and Immigration (Ports of Entry)

Visiting boaters must clear Customs & Immigration at the first point of entry into the Bahamas. There are designated Ports of Entry throughout the islands. Here are the main ones by region (not an exhaustive list, but the most relevant to sailors):

• Abacos: West End (Grand Bahama), Green Turtle Cay, Marsh Harbour, Spanish Cay, Treasure Cay, and Walkers Cay all have Customs entry facilities.
• Bimini: Alice Town on North Bimini (and Cat Cay via the marina).
• Berry Islands: Chub Cay and Great Harbour Cay.
• New Providence (Nassau): All major marinas in Nassau can arrange clearance – essentially you can consider Nassau a port of entry by default (the marinas coordinate with officials).
• Eleuthera: Governor’s Harbour, Harbour Island, Rock Sound, and Spanish Wells have Customs/Immigration offices.
• Exumas: The main one is George Town on Great Exuma. (Occasionally, Nassau covers the northern Exumas arrivals; some talk of Staniel Cay having an officer at times but not guaranteed – so plan to clear at Nassau or Georgetown).
• Others: Freeport (Lucaya) on Grand Bahama, Matthew Town (Inagua), Abraham’s Bay (Mayaguana), and San Salvador (Cockburn Town) are also official ports for the more far-flung entries.

Procedure

When you arrive from a foreign port (e.g., Florida), you must fly the yellow Q flag upon entering Bahamian waters and proceed directly to an official entry harbour. Only the captain may go ashore initially to meet Customs; all crew stay aboard until clearance is done. You’ll need to fill out a cruising permit form, immigration cards for each person, and declare firearms (if any) and pets. Bring ship’s registration papers and passports for all crew.

The entry fee includes the cruising permit, fishing permit, and departure tax for up to 3 persons. As of the latest regulations, the fee (for boats up to 3 months stay) is:

• $150 for boats up to 34 feet length,
• $300 for boats 35–99 feet (and higher fees for larger yachts).

This fee covers your cruising permit and usually up to 3 people’s departure tax; each additional person is charged (typically $25 each). The cruising permit is valid for one year, allowing multiple entries during that time. If you stay longer than 12 months continuously, special arrangements (and fees) apply.

After clearing, you’ll lower the Q flag and raise the Bahamas courtesy flag on your mast. Keep your cruising permit document safe – you’ll need to show it if asked by authorities and upon leaving the country.

Chartering in the Bahamas

Not bringing your own boat? No problem – the Bahamas has plenty of charter opportunities, ranging from self-skippered bareboats to fully crewed luxury yachts. Below we outline the options and important considerations for chartering a yacht in the Bahamas.

Bareboat and Crewed Charter Options

Bareboat Charter

If you have sailing experience and qualifications (more on those below), you can charter a bareboat – meaning you rent the vessel and skipper it yourself (with your crew/family). Bareboat charters in the Bahamas typically range from 30–50 foot monohulls and catamarans. Catamarans are extremely popular in the Bahamas for their shallow draft and spacious layout (ideal for groups or families). Major international charter companies (such as Moorings, Sunsail, Dream Yacht Charter, Navigare, etc.) have operations in the Bahamas, primarily in:

• Abacos (Marsh Harbour) – There are charter bases that were operational before Hurricane Dorian and have since reopened in late 2021. Marsh Harbour’s Abaco Beach Resort serves as a base for some fleets, allowing exploration of the Abacos.
• Nassau (Palm Cay Marina or Nassau Harbour) – From Nassau, charter itineraries typically go to the Exumas. Some companies moved their fleets here temporarily while Abaco rebuilt; now both areas offer charters.
• Exumas (Great Exuma) – A few operations exist in Georgetown, but more commonly you’d start in Nassau or possibly fly into Exuma and take a one-way charter.
• Other locations – Some smaller local outfits offer boats in places like Eleuthera/Harbour Island or Long Island, but these are less common.

When you charter bareboat, you handle everything: navigation, anchoring, cooking (unless you hire a chef), etc. It offers maximum freedom – you set your own itinerary (within any limits set by the company). The charter company provides a chart briefing and boat briefing at the start to familiarize you with the area and the vessel.

Crewed Charter

If you prefer a more relaxed vacation or lack sailing experience, crewed charters are the way to go. This can range from:

• Skippered Bareboat: You rent the boat, but additionally hire a professional captain (skipper) to sail it for you. You and your friends/family remain as the crew who can participate as much or as little as you want, and the skipper ensures the boat is handled safely, takes you to the best spots, and often acts as a local guide. You provision the boat or sometimes arrange for the skipper’s meals as well.
• Fully Crewed Yacht: Typically larger luxury catamarans or motor yachts that come with a captain and chef (and possibly additional crew). This is more of an all-inclusive experience – the crew handles sailing, cooking, cleaning, and often water sports activities. You relax and enjoy gourmet meals and personalized service. These can be arranged through yacht charter brokers and are priced per week for the whole yacht including crew (food and drink either included or provisioned to preference).
• By-the-Cabin Charters: In some cases, companies or groups offer cabin bookings on a shared crewed yacht – so you book just a cabin (like a mini cruise). This can be a cost-effective way for couples or solos to experience a crewed charter without hiring an entire yacht. Itineraries are fixed in these cases.

Brief Overview of Certification/Licensing Requirements for Charter

To charter a bareboat in the Bahamas, charter companies require proof of sailing competence. The Bahamas government itself does not issue a specific “license” for bareboat skippers, but most charter operators enforce their own standards. Generally, you should have previous skipper experience on a similar size yacht and an internationally recognized certification. For example:

• The Moorings/Sunsail specify that an ICC (International Certificate of Competence) or RYA Day Skipper certificate or higher, plus a VHF radio license, is required to skipper their boats in the Bahamas.
• They may also accept ASA (American Sailing Association) certifications such as ASA 104 Bareboat Cruising, or the US Sailing Bareboat Cruising certificate, etc., especially for American clients.
• In absence of a formal license, a detailed sailing résumé outlining your experience can sometimes be considered. Often the company will have you fill out a sailing CV. If your experience is borderline, they might mandate you take a skipper for the first day or two (for an additional fee) to evaluate, or restrict you to certain cruising areas (like staying in the Sea of Abaco only).

It’s important to arrange this documentation well in advance. If you show up without proper paperwork or if your skills seem insufficient during the briefing, the company can refuse to hand over the boat (or insist you hire a skipper). This is for everyone’s safety – Bahamian waters, while accessible, have real hazards (reefs, weather changes) that require a competent skipper.

Sample Sailing Itineraries

To help visualise your adventure, here are two sample 7-day itineraries – one in the Exumas and one in the Abacos. These assume moderate weather and a desire to balance sailing time with relaxing stops. Distances are kept reasonable to allow for exploration at each destination.

7-Day Itinerary in the Exumas

Day 1: Nassau to Highbourne Cay (35 nm)

Depart early to cross the Yellow Bank (an area with coral heads – travel in good light to spot and avoid them). Arrive Highbourne Cay Marina by mid-afternoon.

Afternoon

Enjoy snorkeling off Highbourne or dinghy to Allan’s Cay to see the friendly iguanas.

Evening

Dine at Highbourne’s Xuma restaurant or on board under the stars.

Day 2: Highbourne to Warderick Wells Cay (Exuma Park HQ, 20 nm)

Sail down the Exuma Sound side or the bank side depending on wind (sound is faster if winds are easterly). Radio ahead to Exuma Park to request a mooring in Warderick Wells. Upon arrival, pick up the mooring in the stunning natural harbour.

Afternoon

Hike to Boo Boo Hill for panoramic views and leave a driftwood sign. Snorkel nearby coral gardens (no fishing allowed here!).

Evening

A quiet night – no generators allowed, so enjoy nature’s serenity.

Day 3: Warderick to Staniel Cay area (approx 15 nm)

Stop at Pipe Creek en route if tides allow (a picturesque shallow area among cays). Arrive near Staniel Cay by lunch.

Afternoon

Visit Big Major Spot to swim with the pigs. Then snorkel Thunderball Grotto at slack tide (bring an underwater flashlight to see inside the cave).

Dock/Moor

Move to Staniel Cay Yacht Club if you want shore power or anchor out.

Evening

Have a casual meal and meet fellow boaters at Staniel Cay Yacht Club’s bar.

Day 4: Staniel Cay to Compass Cay (10 nm, including exploring)

A short sail north to Compass Cay. En route, you might stop at Rachel’s Bubble Bath (a natural tidal pool on the northern end of Compass Cay – accessible via a dinghy ride and short trail). Dock at Compass Cay Marina or anchor outside if space.

Afternoon

Experience the nurse sharks at Compass Cay marina – you can literally swim with them around the dock (they’re used to people). Enjoy walking the trails or just relaxing on the beach.

Day 5: Compass Cay to Shroud Cay (15 nm)

Sail further north within the Land & Sea Park to Shroud Cay, a lightly vegetated cay with a maze of mangrove creeks.

Afternoon

Take your dinghy on an adventurous ride through the mangrove creek that leads to a breathtaking beach on the ocean side (at “Camp Driftwood”). It’s like a lazy river through mangroves – pure magic at high tide.

Anchorage

Grab a mooring or anchor off Shroud’s western shore. This is a very quiet night; you might feel like the only boat on earth.

Day 6: Shroud Cay to Norman’s Cay (5 nm)

A quick hop to Norman’s Cay, historically known as a 1980s drug runner’s base.

Morning

Anchor near the south end of Norman’s. Here you can snorkel the famous sunken airplane wreck in the shallow waters – remnants from the island’s notorious past, now home to colourful fish.

Afternoon

Dinghy ashore to explore Norman’s beaches or visit MacDuff’s beach club for a drink. This cay has beautiful lagoons and a rustic charm.

Day 7: Norman’s Cay back to Nassau (35 nm)

Sadly, time to head back. Depart at first light to make the run back to Nassau, again watching for coral heads on the Yellow Bank. Arrive Nassau by mid to late afternoon to refuel and dock.

Evening

Perhaps indulge in one of Nassau’s nice restaurants or explore Atlantis if you have time, or simply unwind after an exhilarating week.

This itinerary hits the highlights of the Exumas north of Great Exuma, keeping daily distances manageable and ensuring you experience both the natural wonders (reef, sandbanks, wildlife) and a bit of local flavour at Staniel. If you had more time, you could include stops at Eleuthera/Harbour Island at the start or end, or go further south to Great Exuma. Always remain flexible – if a strong front is forecast, you might adjust by staying in a more sheltered spot (Exuma Park HQ and Compass are very protected).

7-Day Itinerary in the Abacos

Day 1: Marsh Harbour to Hope Town, Elbow Cay (6 nm)

It’s a short first sail, perfect to get acquainted with the boat. Depart Marsh Harbour around midday for a reach over to Elbow Cay. Arrive early enough to navigate into Hope Town Harbour at mid-tide (mind the channel depth ~6 feet at low).

Mooring

Pick up a mooring ball in picturesque Hope Town.

Afternoon

Go ashore to visit the Elbow Reef Lighthouse – climb the 101 steps for a fantastic view and perhaps even help the lighthouse keeper in the evening with lighting the kerosene lamp (it’s still hand-wound!). Explore the quaint village by foot, visit the small museum or ice cream shop.

Evening

Enjoy dinner at a local grill (like Cap’n Jack’s on the harbour waterfront) or a home-cooked meal onboard. Watch the lighthouse beam sweep the night sky.

Day 2: Hope Town to Great Guana Cay (15 nm, including a snorkel stop)

Sail northwards. On the way, pause at Fowl Cay Marine Reserve (just off Man-O-War Cay) for a snorkel on some of the Abacos’ healthiest coral reefs – tie up to the day-use mooring ball for an hour of underwater exploration. Continue to Great Guana Cay and arrive by mid-afternoon.

Anchorage

Anchor off Fisher’s Bay or take a mooring off the settlement.

Afternoon/Evening

Dinghy ashore to Great Guana’s famous beach bar Nipper’s (if it’s Sunday, their pig roast is a lively event). Stroll the magnificent ocean beach. Later, catch sunset and cocktails at Grabbers on the calm bay side. (Note: Verify post-storm operational status of these establishments; they are icons of the Abacos.)

Day 3: Great Guana to Green Turtle Cay (20 nm)

This day involves navigating the Whale Cay Passage, which is a short venture into the ocean around Whale Cay. Listen to the morning radio net for Whale Cay conditions – if “the Whale” is calm, proceed. Sail through the Atlantic swells for a brief period then re-enter the Sea of Abaco near Green Turtle Cay.

Anchorage/Dock

Depending on your preference, either anchor outside New Plymouth town or go into White Sound. In White Sound you can get a slip at Green Turtle Club or pick up a mooring in Black Sound by the town.

Afternoon

Visit New Plymouth, a loyalist-era settlement with charming narrow streets. There’s a museum, and don’t miss trying a Goombay Smash at Miss Emily’s Blue Bee Bar (originator of this rum cocktail). If you have time, take the dinghy or a short sail to No Name Cay just south, to visit the swimming pigs there (yes, Abacos have them too at Piggyville).

Day 4: Green Turtle Cay to Treasure Cay (15 nm)

Depart Green Turtle and re-cross Whale Cay Passage if needed (Treasure lies back on Great Abaco). Plan to leave in morning when winds are often lighter. Arrive Treasure Cay around midday.

Dock

Treasure Cay has a marina (check if open; post-hurricane status might vary), or anchor just outside the harbour and dinghy in.

Afternoon

Treasure Cay Beach – often rated one of the world’s top beaches – awaits! It’s a 3.5-mile crescent of powdery white sand and turquoise water. Enjoy swimming, beach combing or the resort’s beach bar. Treasure Cay also has a small golf course if that interests anyone in your crew, and a bakery known for coconut bread.

Day 5: Treasure Cay to Man-O-War Cay (20 nm)

Sail back southeast inside the Sea of Abaco. Arrive at Man-O-War Cay by early afternoon.

Dock/Mooring

Man-O-War has a couple of small marinas (Man-O-War Marina) and moorings, but limited space. Alternatively, anchor just outside the harbour and take the dinghy in (harbour channel is narrow and shallow).

Afternoon

Man-O-War is a dry island (no alcohol sold) and a devout, industrious community. It’s famous for boat building; you can often see craftsmen building Albury boats in sheds near the harbour. Visit the sail shop (run by descendants of the Albury family) for handmade canvas bags and goods. This island is peaceful – a nice contrast to party spots. Beaches on the ocean side offer solitude.

Day 6: Man-O-War to Tahiti Beach & Little Harbour (10 + 15 nm)

Short hop in the morning to Tahiti Beach at the southern tip of Elbow Cay. This picturesque sandbar and palm-fringed beach is a great lunch stop. Anchor in the shallow bay (only at mid to high tide for deeper draft boats) and enjoy a beach picnic and a swim in crystal clear water. By mid-afternoon, continue sailing south to Little Harbour, Great Abaco (15 nm).

Mooring

Enter Little Harbour carefully (follow markers) and pick up a mooring or anchor if space.

Evening

Go ashore to Pete’s Pub, a legendary open-air beach pub and art gallery found in this tiny harbour. Fresh fish dinners and their Blaster rum punch are a perfect finale for a day. Little Harbour was an artist colony; you can see the Johnston family’s bronze sculpture studio (if open).

Day 7: Little Harbour to Marsh Harbour (20 nm)

Depart in the morning, heading back up to Marsh Harbour. Enjoy a final sail across the Sea of Abaco, arriving around midday. At Marsh Harbour, fuel up at the marina and return your boat by afternoon as per charter schedule.

Afternoon

If time permits before departure, explore Marsh Harbour town – perhaps lunch at a waterfront grill and buy some souvenirs. Or ferry across to Guana or Elbow for a quick extra jaunt if your flight is next day.

This Abacos itinerary hits the main cays and gives a flavour of everything: history (Hope Town, New Plymouth), social scene (Guana, Treasure), serenity (Man-O-War, Little Harbour), and of course plenty of sailing in between. The order can be tweaked depending on winds and Whale Cay Passage conditions. Distances are short, the longest day is <25 nm, so you have ample time to enjoy each stop. Many consider a week in Abaco not enough – you’ll likely wish to return and spend longer in this island paradise!

Note: Always check on post-hurricane updates for Abacos stops; the spirit of the itinerary remains, but facilities are continually rebuilding/improving as of 2025.

Practical Considerations

Sailing in the Bahamas is delightful, but it comes with its own set of challenges and practicalities. In this section, we cover crucial tips on navigation hazards, keeping your boat supplied, staying connected, and abiding by entry rules and permits.

Navigation Hazards and Tips

Key hazards and how to manage them:

Shallow Draft & Tides

Many areas, especially near cays and inside banks, have shallow spots. Always consult up-to-date charts (Explorer Chartbooks are the gold standard for Bahamas for their accuracy) and note depths along your route. The tidal range in the Bahamas is only about 2–3 feet, but that can be the difference between passing over a sand bar or not. Plan to transit known shallow cuts or bars at mid to high tide when possible. For example, approaches to certain harbours (like entering Little Harbour, Abaco or some marinas) may require a rising tide for comfort.

Coral Heads

Dark spots in that crystal water often indicate coral heads or rock outcrops. The “rule of thumb” is don’t sail over brown or dark patches – only the light aquamarine blue (which is sand) is reliably deep/soft. Coral heads are most prevalent on the Great Bahama Bank and Yellow Bank (Nassau–Exuma route). They tend to be pinnacles that might reach within a few feet of the surface even if surrounding depth is 4–5m. Visual navigation is key: have a lookout on the bow when crossing expansive shallows, ideally during mid-day sun (behind you) for best water visibility. Polarized sunglasses help. If you must transit early or late in day, go slow and perhaps follow waypoints from someone who has gone before. But generally avoid low sun angles where glare on water can hide obstacles.

Reefs and Breakers

The ocean-side of most islands is lined with fringing reefs. Cuts through these reefs to the inside can have breaking waves if ocean swell is up or wind opposes current. For instance, the Whale Cay Passage in Abaco or cuts in Exumas (Warderick Cut, etc.) can become impassable “rage” conditions when ocean swell and wind make steep breakers. This is why timing and weather-window planning is important. If a cut looks rough (big standing waves or surf visible), wait for a better time (tide change or calmer weather) – don’t risk it. Locals and cruiser nets will often share information about trouble spots.

“Navigationally Challenging” Areas

Some areas have notorious reputations. The Devil’s Backbone off North Eleuthera is a reef-strewn path that even seasoned sailors opt to take a local pilot for; charts alone don’t show every coral head there. The Dismal Cut (aptly named) near Little Harbour, Abaco is shallow and best at high tide and local knowledge. Crossing the Great Bahama Bank at night is generally not advised due to random coral heads and unlit buoys – better to anchor on the bank in good weather or time it in daylight.

Buoyage and Aids

The Bahamas uses the IALA-B buoyage system (red-right-returning from seaward). However, outside of major channels and ports, buoys are few and far between. You cannot rely on abundant markers as you might in more developed regions. Important channels (like into Nassau harbour, or major marinas) are marked, but many are just a couple of stakes or nothing at all. This means GPS and charts are your primary guides, supplemented by eyeball navigation. It’s highly recommended to have alternative nav sources: e.g. paper charts + electronic (and perhaps backup on a tablet). Many cruisers use the Explorer charts on their chartplotter plus have the booklet for planning.

Current

Currents in the Bahamas are mostly tidal and not huge (usually <1 knot in most anchorages). But in the cuts between islands, the tidal current can rip up to 3-4 knots during peak flow in narrow passes. Plan to transit tricky cuts at slack tide (especially if wind-against-tide which can cause standing waves). For example, Current Cut in Eleuthera or cuts in the Exumas require attention to tidal flow. The Gulf Stream, separate from the Bahamas tidal waters, is an issue if crossing from Florida – ~2.5 knot northward flow – but within the Bahamas banks, you won’t deal with that.

Weather Hazards

Aside from tropical storms (covered earlier), note that squalls can pop up especially in summer. A dark line of clouds may herald a short storm cell – expect a wind shift and possibly 30 knot gusts and a deluge of rain for 20 minutes. They’re usually fast-moving. Reduce sail early if one is on the horizon. Lightning is another concern – the Bahamas does get lightning storms, usually summer afternoons. At anchor, some sailors will disconnect electronics as a precaution during a severe electrical storm (strikes are rare but possible). Also be mindful of waterspouts (tornadic waterspouts) – if you see one, keep distance (they collapse quickly anyway).

Night Sailing

As a rule, avoid night sailing in the Bahamas unless you are on a clear deep-water route and very experienced. The vast majority of cruisers plan to be anchored by 4pm. Coral heads are invisible at night; plus unlit small boats or fishing traps could be around. Charter companies outright prohibit night sailing for bareboats. The exception is perhaps the overnight passage from Florida (with no hazards until Bahamas bank), but once near the banks, slow down to arrive at dawn.

Grounding

If you do touch bottom on a sand bank (which happens occasionally even to careful sailors – tides misjudged or a charted shallow spot), don’t panic. Immediately stop engines (if using) to avoid ingesting sand. If it’s sand and gentle, you can often kedge off (use a dinghy or weight to pull the boat towards deeper water) or wait for the tide to lift you. Do a check for damage once off. If one were to strike coral or rock, that’s more serious – best is prevention. Coral not only can damage your keel but you’ll damage the reef (and could face fines). So truly try to avoid any contact with the bottom.

Local Knowledge

Listen to the VHF cruiser nets (Abaco, Exuma, etc. have morning broadcasts) – they often include people sharing tips or hazards (“a sandbar shifted here” or “this buoy unlit”). Also, talk to dockmasters or fellow cruisers about recent conditions. The community is friendly and happy to help newcomers with local tips.

Fuel, Provisioning, and Communications

Staying self-sufficient and connected in the islands requires a bit of forward planning:

Fuel

Plan your fuel stops based on your engine usage and range. As mentioned in Harbours section, fuel is sold at marinas (Nassau, Freeport, Marsh Harbour, Spanish Wells, Georgetown, etc.). Not every island has fuel – e.g., no fuel in Exuma Park or remote cays obviously.

Fuel in the Bahamas (diesel or petrol) is more expensive than in the US mainland. Budget for possibly $5-6/gallon (prices fluctuate).

Many sailboats can go the whole trip on one tank if they sail mostly. But if you’re on a motor yacht or if there’s a calm week with lots of motoring, watch that gauge. Carry spare jerry cans if venturing far from fuel stations.

Ask about fuel quality at smaller outposts – it’s generally fine, but occasionally if a tank is low volume or old, there could be water/contaminants. If in doubt, using a Baja filter when fueling might help.

Water

As covered, water is a precious commodity. “Water, water everywhere, nor any drop to drink” – indeed the beautiful sea is salt.

Larger yachts often have watermakers. If yours does, use it offshore or in clean anchorages to top up (not in marinas where water might be polluted).

If relying on shore water: fill up whenever convenient, even if tanks are half full, since the next opportunity might be far. Encourage crew to conserve: quick navy showers, don’t leave taps running, etc.

Some marinas charge a flat fee (e.g. $20 to fill up), others by the gallon (~$0.30/gal).

In a pinch, some settlements have public RO plants where you can pay to fill jugs, or rainfall catch cisterns (ask locals).

Provisioning and Supplies:

• Do a thorough inventory of what you need for the trip. Bring specialty dietary items with you if needed. Basic staples (rice, pasta, canned goods) are generally easy to get in bigger towns.
• Fresh produce: tends to arrive by ship once a week to each island. In out islands, cruisers often time their shop the day the “mail boat” comes for best selection of fruits, veggies, and milk. Ask locals when their boat day is (e.g., “The boat comes Thursday”).
• Seafood: Many sailors supplement stores with fresh catch. Fishing (with a permit, included in cruising permit) is allowed outside national parks. You can often catch mahi-mahi, tuna, wahoo in Exuma Sound trolling in season, or bottom fish on banks for snapper. Lobster (crawfish) is a treat – free-dive with a Hawaiian sling in season (Aug 1 – Mar 31) on reefs. Always follow limits: usually no taking of undersized or egg-bearing lobsters, conch have to be adult with well-formed lip.
• Trash: Disposal can be a challenge. Some marinas will take a bag of garbage for $5 or so. On remote islands, please don’t leave trash unless there is a proper bin – some communities have limited waste handling. On a longer cruise, you might store non-smelly trash onboard until you get to a larger port. Many cruisers separate and burn burnable trash in a safe fire on a beach (where permitted) to reduce volume, then dispose of cans and glass properly later.
• Propane: If you need to refill cooking gas, check ahead. Nassau and Marsh Harbour are most certain. Elsewhere, you might swap a tank if fittings match, or some marinas can send tanks to get refilled with some wait time.

Money Matters

The Bahamian dollar (BSD) is pegged 1:1 to the U.S. dollar. U.S. cash is accepted everywhere interchangeably. Credit cards are accepted at most marinas, rental places, and bigger shops, but smaller establishments (local bakeries, small stores, some mooring fees) might be cash only. ATMs exist in Nassau, Marsh Harbour, etc., but not in tiny cays. Carry enough small bills. Tipping (gratuity) around 15% is customary in restaurants if not already added.

Entry Requirements and Cruising Permits

We touched on entry process earlier; here’s a concise rundown of what is required to sail your boat into the Bahamas and stay legally:

• Documents for Vessel: Registration document (or documentation) proving you own the boat, or if it’s a charter, the charter contract. If the boat is federally documented (US), have that certificate.
• Documents for People: Valid passport for each person (this is mandatory since 2017; prior allowances of birth certificates for Americans no longer apply – passports are required now). Some nationalities might need a visa – check Bahamas immigration website if in doubt, but most western country citizens get a visa on arrival (typically 90 days permission which can be extended).
• Cruising Permit: Obtained during Customs & Immigration clearance upon arrival. The permit is a paper that lists your boat, crew, etc., and shows you’ve paid the fees. Cost: $150 or $300 (depending on boat size) for up to 3 months as mentioned. This includes a fishing permit. Keep this permit safely – authorities can ask to see it any time. It also allows multiple entries within its validity if you, say, leave to Florida and come back within 90 days.
• Immigration Card: You’ll fill one per person. The officer will stamp your passports typically for a stay (commonly 90 days for yacht visitors, which can be renewed up to a total of 12 months by visiting an immigration office and explaining your plans).
• COVID/travel health: (As of 2025) No specific COVID testing or health visa is currently required, but this could change. Always check the latest travel advisories. The Bahamas had a travel health visa during the height of the pandemic – now lifted, but ensure you have any required vaccinations for entry if any (none are required specifically, but being up to date on routine vaccines is wise).
• Pets: If bringing a pet on a private boat, you must obtain a pet import permit in advance (application to Dept of Agriculture in Nassau) and have a vet health certificate. This needs to be done before arrival; they will check documents at Customs.
• Weapons: Firearms on board are allowed if declared. You must declare all firearms and ammunition on arrival. They will list them on your cruising permit. Do not take any firearm off the boat in the Bahamas, and keep them secured onboard. Random checks can occur, and if counts don’t match declaration, it’s serious. Spearguns spears etc. should also be declared (spearguns technically not allowed, Hawaiian sling is permitted for fishing).
• While Cruising: Fly the Bahamian courtesy flag from your starboard spreader. It’s a sign of respect and also indicates you’re a foreign vessel that has cleared in. If you move between islands, you generally do not have to report to customs again until you either depart the country or if you specifically go to a new port of entry from a foreign port. For example, if you cleared at Bimini and sail through all the islands and eventually leave from Exuma direct to, say, Turks & Caicos, you must do an outbound clearance at the last port (Exuma) with Customs.
• Length of Stay & Extensions: The cruising permit is for a year for the boat. Your personal immigration entry likely 90 days. If you want to stay longer, you need to visit an immigration office (Nassau or any island with one) to apply for extension before your time lapses. They often give an additional 90 days easily, and possibly up to 12 months total. For very long stays or leaving the boat stored in Bahamas, other rules apply (e.g., if boat stays over 2 years you might incur import duty).
• Departure: When leaving the Bahamas by boat, you are technically supposed to clear out with Customs to get a clearance document (especially if going to another country that will want to see it). In practice, many private yachts simply depart and clear in at the next country, but it’s proper to see a customs office and inform them of your departure (some charge a small fee, others not).
• Fishing Regulations: The fishing permit included allows line fishing and conch/lobster within limits (no commercial quantities). No spearfishing on Scuba gear (snorkel only) and use only slings or pole spears, not trigger devices. Bag limits exist (e.g., usually no more than 6 lobsters per vessel at a time, conch likewise limited and must be mature). Don’t fish in marine reserves – the Exuma Land & Sea Park is strictly no-take (wardens patrol). Also, Nassau grouper is protected Dec–Feb (no fishing during spawn). Observing these rules helps preserve the Bahamas’ marine life.
• Environment & Waste: It is illegal to dump any plastic in Bahamian waters. Also, no sewage discharge in marinas or near swimming areas – use holding tanks and pump out far offshore if needed. Some marinas have pump-out, but it’s not common, so often boats will go out to open sea beyond 3 nm to empty tanks.
• Insurance: Ensure your boat insurance covers the Bahamas. Many policies do, but some require a rider for tropical storm season. If chartering, insurance is typically handled by the company (you just handle deposit/deductible).
• Local Customs on Land: Dress modestly in towns (bathing suits are fine on beaches but throw on a shirt/shorts when walking through a settlement). Topless or nude bathing is illegal (and not culturally acceptable). Bahamians are religious (mostly Christian) and Sunday is a day of rest – you’ll find many businesses closed or short hours on Sundays (except perhaps tourist resorts).
• Safety & Security: The Bahamas overall is friendly. Petty theft can occur (as anywhere), so lock your dinghy and outboard when ashore, and don’t leave valuables unattended on deck. In some ports like Nassau, crime is higher – use more caution at night, stick to well-lit areas. In the far out islands, crime is almost nil. Most locals have a sense of responsibility towards visiting boaters because tourism and boating are lifelines for the economy.

By adhering to these regulations and respecting local guidelines, you’ll ensure a trouble-free visit and contribute to positive relations between visiting yachtspeople and the Bahamian authorities and communities.

With preparation and respect for the environment and local customs, your Bahamas sailing journey will likely become one of the highlights of your sailing life. The combination of natural beauty, friendly people, and the simple joy of navigating from one idyllic anchorage to the next is what keeps sailors returning to these islands time and again.

FAQs

Happy sailing – or as the Bahamians say, “fare ye well”! Enjoy your time exploring the islands, and may your anchorages be calm, your winds fair, and your memories unforgettable.

Sources

CruisersWiki – “Bahamas” (Geography and island composition)
Multihulls World – “The shallow yet beautiful coral-strewn Bahamas are the most popular cruising ground…”
Sunsail – “The Bahamas is a sailing paradise… offering easy line-of-sight navigation, sheltered anchorages…”
CruisersWiki – “Winds are predominantly easterly… become northeasterly from October to April and southeasterly from May to September… hurricane season officially lasts from June to November”
Sunsail Blog (2025) – “The sailing season in the Bahamas runs from November through April…”
Wikipedia – Elbow Reef Lighthouse (Hope Town) details (historic kerosene lighthouse, range 23 nmi)
Waterway Guide (2023) – Abaco Itinerary (mentions No Name Cay swimming pigs near Green Turtle Cay)
Moorings Exumas Itinerary – Staniel Cay and Thunderball Grotto (James Bond film cave)
CruisersWiki – “Exuma chain comprising about 360 cays… said to be the loveliest part of The Bahamas…”
Bahamas Travel Info – (List of official Ports of Entry by island)
Bahamas Out Islands (official) – Entry Fees (up to 3 months cruising permit fees for various boat sizes)
Moorings (Charter requirements) – “To sail in this destination you’ll need a sailing licence… ICC, RYA Day Skipper… plus a VHF licence.”
Moorings Abacos Guide – (Charter restrictions: Sea of Abaco area, no night sailing, etc.)
“Cruising the Bahamas with the Lucky Me” (2019) – anecdote on high cost of groceries (e.g., $9 crackers)
CruisersWiki – (Seasonal temperature ranges, winter vs summer in Bahamas)
CruisersWiki – (Rainfall patterns, summer intense showers)